Structural, optical and Raman scattering studies on DC magnetron sputtered titanium dioxide thin films

Highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cell performance from template derived high surface area mesoporous TiO2 nanospheres

“…35,36 In the current study, Raman bands of the TiO 2 mesospheres at 148, 400, 518, and 640 cm À1 corresponded to the anatase phase. The observed bands were in agreement with the bands of anatase TiO 2 .…”

Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured TiO2 and TiO2/W thin films deposited by co-sputtering

“…The disordered phases obtained from the samples after the sputtering are not unexpected since controlling the phase by this method is not easy [6,18], but after the thermal treatment the diffractograms changed to form two phases as seen in Figure 1. The anatase phase corresponding to the PDF 01-075-254 card and the rutile phase that corresponds to the PDF 03-065-0191 card.…”

“…If we observe Figure 1 the anatase phase is more intense in both samples doped and without W. The crystallization of the samples has been previously reported since the temperature increase the diffusion of atoms in the TiO 2 matrix and gives them more thermal stability [5,17]. However, no tungsten diffractogram is visible for the doped sample, its presence needs to be corroborated below with the EDS elemental analysis, however, if tungsten is present in the sample its absence in the diffractogram could be caused by two factors: the small amount of tungsten is no visible by XRD or there is atom substitution inside the TiO 2 matrix instead of small W nucleation crystals, which is better for optical performance, thence, it is more desirable to obtain a well homogenized structure that contains tungsten without forming an extra phase in the structure that could lead to high stresses and recede the good optical properties of the TiO 2 [6,15]. Additional information obtained from the XRD is in Table 1, where we can observe that the primary phase is Anatase in both samples, however, the addition of tungsten to the TiO 2 matrix favors the formation of rutile phase as the percentage increase to almost 40%.…”

“…On the other hand, the anatase phase shows a bandgap of 3.23 eV with a relatively low refraction index [5]. The anatase phase is good for applications such as gas sensors applications, solar cells, self-cleaning windows, anti-fog glasses, and photocatalytic applications [6]. Finally, the brookite belongs to a group of minerals called hydrothermal, this means that it is formed by dissolution and precipitation processes related to the magma solidification in fissures on preexistent rocks, in the last decades the interest for these materials has been increasing due to their applications, e.g.…”

Effect of thermal annealing on properties of polycrystalline Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film prepared by simple chemical method

“…TiO 2 exist in three forms of Anatase, Rutile and Prokite [2] TiO 2 owned an energy band gap of (3.2 eV) and refractive index (n=2.52) [3] It has a unique optical properties such as good magnetic properties [4] which has made the material important in many practical applications, including stimuli [5], energy conversion [6] and biomedical applications [7] functionalized hybrid materials [8] and nanocomposites [9] . TiO 2 can be used as solar cell applications (DSSC) [10] electrochemical cells (PEC) [11] chemical sensors [12] and self-cleaning coatings [13].…”