Structural, opto-electronic and photoelectrochemical properties of tin doped hematite nanoparticles for water splitting

Sarma, Satirtha K.; Mohan, Ratan; Shukla, Anupam

doi:10.1016/j.mssp.2019.104873

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is one of the methods of converting solar energy to chemical energy in the form of hydrogen [1,2]. The process involves irradiation of the active electrode in an aqueous electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavior of hydrothermally synthesized hematite nanorods prepared on spin coated seed layers

Talibawo¹,

Nyarige²,

Kyesmen³

et al. 2022

Mater. Res. Express

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Herein we report on the effect of varied spin-coated seed layer concentrations of Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) on the photoelectrochemical performance of hydrothermally synthesized hematite nanorods. The seed layers were prepared from 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.11, and 0.13 M concentrations of FeCl3.6H2O. The nanorods were vertically aligned with slight inclinations over the seed layers with the two lowest molar concentrations (0.05 and 0.07 M) of FeCl3.6H2O. A further increase in seed layer concentrations transformed the nanorods as they grew over others and agglomerated into clusters. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy demonstrated uniform hematite crystalline peaks for all the samples. All samples absorbed highly in the visible region within an onset absorption edge wavelength ranging from 624 to 675 nm. Overall, the nanorods synthesized over the lowest seed layer concentration of 0.05 M of FeCl3.6H2O exhibited the highest photocurrent density of 0.077 mA/cm2 at 1.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. The results obtained provide important information about the structural, optical, and photoelectrochemical properties of hematite nanorods synthesized over varied seed layer concentrations. This is a key contribution in understanding and enhancing the hematite nanorods performance for photocatalytic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavior of hydrothermally synthesized hematite nanorods prepared on spin coated seed layers

Talibawo¹,

Nyarige²,

Kyesmen³

et al. 2022

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Sn (1%)-doped hematite (Sn:α-Fe 2 O 3 ) was prepared according to the previously reported method. 15 NiFe-LDH co-catalyst was loaded on Sn:α-Fe 2 O 3 using low-and high-reactant precursor concentrations. For high concentrations of precursor, 30 mL DI water solution containing 15 mM Ni(NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, 15 mM Fe(NO 3 ) 3 .9H 2 O, and 150 mM urea was placed on the autoclave.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Photoanodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R bulk is associated with the conductivity and lifetime of charge carriers. 46 Lower bulk and interfacial charge transfer resistance of Sn:α-Fe 2 O 3 compared to α-Fe 2 O 3 are due to the increased conductivity 15,47 and easy separation of photogenerated electrons and holes with the addition of Sn dopant. Lower R bulk of Sn:α-Fe 2 O 3 /NiFe(L) and Sn:α-Fe 2 O 3 /NiFe (H) is due to improved charge separation in the presence of co-catalyst, indicating that NiFe-LDH plays another role additionally to improving the OER kinetics.…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of tin‐doped hematite modified with NiFe‐LDH nanoflakes for highly efficient solar water splitting

2021

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Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is widely regarded as an effective process for sustainable storage of solar energy as chemical energy in the form of H 2 . The efficiency of this process depends upon the light absorption, charge injection, and charge separation efficiency of the photoanode material used. In this work, doping hematite with 1% tin and loading with NiFe-layered double hydroxide (LDH) co-catalyst has been done to improve the charge transport properties. To enhance the PEC performance and study the effect of precursor concentration, NiFe-LDH at two different concentrations (low and high) was coated on Sn-doped hematite. A high photocurrent density ca. 2.9 mA/cm 2 at 1.8 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a 170 mV cathodic shift in onset potential compared to pristine hematite (0.22 mA/cm 2 at 1.8 V vs RHE) was recorded for Sn-doped hematite coated with low precursor concentration.The enhanced PEC activity can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Sn doping and NiFe-LDH co-catalyst on hematite, which contributes to an efficient separation of the photogenerated charge carriers and reduces hole accumulation at the surface. However, for the high precursor concentration case, the formation of a thick film of NiFe-LDH results in a comparatively lower current density (0.85 mA/cm 2 at 1.8 V vs RHE). The results obtained show that NiFe-LDH can be used as an effective co-catalyst to significantly enhance the charge transport properties of tin-doped hematite. A charge transfer mechanism of the developed photoanodes is also discussed in detail.

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“…It was not observed any modification on morphology, surface or the size of nanorods, besides a Sn concentration > 1% over the entire NRs length determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) 29 . The fast top‐down diffusion of Sn 4+ ions (with an ionic radius and Pauling electronegativity similar to Fe 3+ ions) in hematite lattices without modifying its morphology or decreasing its crystallinity is usually achieved by ex situ (co)doping methodologies and annealing at high temperatures 85,86 . The same consensus has not yet been reached for the Sn insertion during the hematite synthesis (Sn‐precursor included on iron‐based solution), since the effect on morphology has been related to the method of tin incorporation and to the thermal treatment and, may have a considerable impact on the PEC response.…”

Section: Sn‐modified Hematite Photoanodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the synergy of Sn insertion in hematite for next‐generation solar water splitting nanoceramics

Bedin

Freitas

Tofanello

et al. 2020

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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Solar water splitting-driven hydrogen fuel production is very attractive due to positive aspects as higher energy density and a renewable energy source arising from water and sunlight. 1 Despite these remarkable overall strengths, sustainable largescale clean hydrogen production is quite far from being available, in particular by the lack of efficient and economically viable electrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. These devices involve two redox electrochemical reactions: hydrogen evolution on the cathode and oxygen evolution on the anode, where one or more photosensitive material can be enforced in the device design. 2 It is worth mentioning that oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the rate-determining step of the photoelectrochemical water splitting, because of the four-electron reaction mechanism of water oxidation, which

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Structural, opto-electronic and photoelectrochemical properties of tin doped hematite nanoparticles for water splitting

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

The behavior of hydrothermally synthesized hematite nanorods prepared on spin coated seed layers

The behavior of hydrothermally synthesized hematite nanorods prepared on spin coated seed layers

Fabrication of tin‐doped hematite modified with NiFe‐LDH nanoflakes for highly efficient solar water splitting

Revealing the synergy of Sn insertion in hematite for next‐generation solar water splitting nanoceramics

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