Structural reliability of alumina-, feldspar-, leucite-, mica- and zirconia-based ceramics

Wear characteristics of current aesthetic dental restorative CAD/CAM materials: Two-body wear, gloss retention, roughness and Martens hardness

“…1; Table 2). This may confirm that the physical properties of resin-based composite as a material for the fabrication of dental restorations, particularly full posterior crowns, are not improved structurally by block-fabrication for CAD/CAM use as with ceramics (Tinschert et al, 2000) at least with respect to the degree of conversion of direct and block composite (Kelly, 2011;Vanoorbeek et al, 2010). However, close inspection of the contact surfaces at 1Kx magnification shows some micropores and flaws as well as circular microcracking in the direct composite material FI, which are not visible in the CAD/CAM block composite LU to the same extent, apart from singular very fine microcracks (Figs 3c and 3d).…”

“…Anyway, industrially pre-fabricated block ceramics appear to be more structurally reliable for dental applications than ceramic materials which are manually processed under dental laboratory conditions, although CAD/CAM procedures may induce surface and subsurface flaws that may adversely affect this property (Tinschert et al, 2000).…”

“…The group of one-step CAD-CAM materials for permanent restorations comprises feldspathic silicate ceramics (Datzmann, 1996), feldspar-based leucite reinforced glass ceramics (Chen et al, 1999;Tinschert et al, 2000), a newly developed resin-based block nanocomposite (3M Espe, 2011), an experimental isofiller resin-based composite with 'nano additives' (Lendenmann and Wanner, 2011) as well as a novel interpenetrating network ceramic (Bojemüller and Coldea, 2012;He and Swain, 2011). For temporary restorations, microfilled acrylate polymer blocks (Baltzer and Kaufmann-Jinoian, 2007) and unfilled polymethyl methacrylate blocks (Wanner, 2010) are used.…”

Digital dentistry: an overview of recent developments for CAD/CAM generated restorations

“…The ground frames can be individually stained in several colours with Vita In-Ceram AL Coloring Liquid. 5,[21][22][23] Examples of grindable alu minum oxide blocks: In-Ceram AL Block (Vita), inCoris Al (Sirona) available in an ivory-like colour (Color F 0.7).…”

Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

“…shown that either by inducing growth or by inclusion of crystalline grains into the glassy matrix, the grain boundaries can act as crack "pinning agents" since the atomic-scale asymmetry within a grain-boundary region can contribute to the discontinuity of crack growth from one grain to another, thereby strengthening the glass-ceramic [8][9][10].…”