Structural reuse of high end composite products: A design case study on wind turbine blades

Joustra, Jelle; Flipsen, Bas; Balkenende, Ruud

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105393

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The majority of publications are focused on material recycling and recovery: (a) in general [7,48,84], (b) of blade materials [47,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96] or (c) of critical raw materials [97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105]. Joining up the start and the end of low-carbon infrastructure supply chains, resource security concerns [102,106,107], design for recycling [108,109] and supply chain security and development [95,103] are covered.…”

Section: Current Circular Economy Literature On Wind Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Joining up the start and the end of low-carbon infrastructure supply chains, resource security concerns [102,106,107], design for recycling [108,109] and supply chain security and development [95,103] are covered. Solutions that go beyond material recovery are emerging with publications on lifetime extension [110,111], eco-design [7], reuse and repurposing [83,93,112,113] and remanufacturing [114]-terminology explained in Section 4.…”

Section: Current Circular Economy Literature On Wind Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

Velenturf

2021

Energies

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Circular economy and renewable energy infrastructure such as offshore wind farms are often assumed to be developed in synergy as part of sustainable transitions. Offshore wind is among the preferred technologies for low-carbon energy. Deployment is forecast to accelerate over ten times faster than onshore wind between 2021 and 2025, while the first generation of offshore wind turbines is about to be decommissioned. However, the growing scale of offshore wind brings new sustainability challenges. Many of the challenges are circular economy-related, such as increasing resource exploitation and competition and underdeveloped end-of-use solutions for decommissioned components and materials. However, circular economy is not yet commonly and systematically applied to offshore wind. Circular economy is a whole system approach aiming to make better use of products, components and materials throughout their consecutive lifecycles. The purpose of this study is to enable the integration of a sustainable circular economy into the design, development, operation and end-of-use management of offshore wind infrastructure. This will require a holistic overview of potential circular economy strategies that apply to offshore wind, because focus on no, or a subset of, circular solutions would open the sector to the risk of unintended consequences, such as replacing carbon impacts with water pollution, and short-term private cost savings with long-term bills for taxpayers. This study starts with a systematic review of circular economy and wind literature as a basis for the coproduction of a framework to embed a sustainable circular economy throughout the lifecycle of offshore wind energy infrastructure, resulting in eighteen strategies: design for circular economy, data and information, recertification, dematerialisation, waste prevention, modularisation, maintenance and repair, reuse and repurpose, refurbish and remanufacturing, lifetime extension, repowering, decommissioning, site recovery, disassembly, recycling, energy recovery, landfill and re-mining. An initial baseline review for each strategy is included. The application and transferability of the framework to other energy sectors, such as oil and gas and onshore wind, are discussed. This article concludes with an agenda for research and innovation and actions to take by industry and government.

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Section: Current Circular Economy Literature On Wind Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Circular Economy Literature On Wind Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

Velenturf

2021

Energies

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“…El Gelcoat ofrece durabilidad y resistencia al estrés mecánico brindándole un tiempo de vida aproximado de 15 años expuesto a la intemperie (Pomázi & Toldy, 2021). Al culminar el tiempo de vida estimado de dichos aerogeneradores se han estipulado varios proyectos encaminado a la reutilización de estos materiales, volviendo todavía más amigables al planeta estas maquinarias (Joustra, Flipsen, & Balkenende, 2021). En la tabla 6 se presenta el plan de mantenimiento básico del aerogenerador.…”

Section: Impacto Medioambientalunclassified

Diseño mecánico de palas para un aerogenerador de 250w de potencia

et al. 2021

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Las zonas rurales tienen una deficiencia de suministro eléctrico importante, ya que las comunidades están alejadas de las redes de transmisión eléctrica, por lo que el desarrollo se delimita apresuradamente en estos lugares. En zonas de este tipo, donde se dispone del recurso renovable del viento, la implantación de máquinas eólicas o aerogeneradores puede representar una solución viable e inmediata al problema energético de necesidades eléctricas básicas. Los aerogeneradores están planificados para áreas con fuertes corrientes de viento para generar la energía, y los mismos presentan de manera más eficiente una solución viable e inmediata, especialmente para el problema energético de las necesidades eléctricas básicas. El diseño experimental propuesto se basó en la literatura existen sobre el diseño de palas para generadores eólicos tomando en cuenta las condiciones locales de áreas rurales de la República Dominicana que tengan las condiciones de viento mínima para que estas funcionen. Sin embargo, la indicación más significativa para seleccionar los materiales es la disponibilidad local. El diseño final presentado en las conclusiones es el resultado de una investigación teórica, una solución de ecuaciones matemáticas y un montaje experimental realizado en el Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo, INTEC. Se espera que este trabajo sea un punto de partida para nuevas investigaciones relacionadas o mejoras al diseño actual en la República Dominicana.

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“…The existing literature on wind turbine blades at end-of-life, focuses on methods to recycle the composite material in the blades, there are only rare examples of research into the reuse of blades (Bank, Arias, et al, 2018;Bank et al, 2019;Joustra et al, 2021). Of the recent literature Liu et al (2019) compares the energy use of landfill, incineration, mechanical recycling and pyrolysis but does not consider re-use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

End-of-Life Alternatives for Wind Turbine Blades: Sustainability Indices Based on the UN Sustainable Development Goals

et al. 2021

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The background to this research is that across the world there will be 200,000 tonnes of wind turbine blade waste to be disposed of each year from 2033. The purpose of the research is to compare the relative sustainability of alternative ways to deal with this waste, these being: landfill, incineration with heat recovery, co-processing in cement kilns, making furniture and bridge fabrication. The method is to use the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to select 11 metrics for sustainability. The use of the SDGs adds to the objectivity of this process overcoming one of the principal weaknesses of Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). Quantitative information methods from Life Cycle Assessment, Geographic Information Science, census data and real options analysis of R&D, alongside qualitative information from Delphi studies and Strengths/Weaknesses/Opportunities/Threats analysis are combined in the assessment. Three MCDA methods are used, each calculates economic, social and environmental sustainability indices for the end-of-life alternatives which are then combined into integrated sustainability indices. A novel Delphi stopping condition based on consensus, consistency and convergence is used. The primary result is that bridge fabrication is the most sustainable alternative with furniture making in second place. Co-processing, incineration with heat recovery and landfill are progressively less sustainable alternatives. This result is robust to substantial changes in the selection of experts' opinions, the weights for MCDA and the values of the metrics. These findings offer researchers and policymakers a robust decision making process, applicable to situations where choices are made on sustainability criteria.

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Structural reuse of high end composite products: A design case study on wind turbine blades

Cited by 65 publications

References 28 publications

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

Diseño mecánico de palas para un aerogenerador de 250w de potencia

End-of-Life Alternatives for Wind Turbine Blades: Sustainability Indices Based on the UN Sustainable Development Goals

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