Structural styles in the Zagros Simple Folded Zone, Iran

Blanc, E.; Allen, Mark B.; Inger, S.; Hassani, Hossein

doi:10.1144/0016-764902-110

Cited by 332 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Blanc et al 2003;McQuarrie, 2004;Carruba et al 2006;Sepehr, Cosgrove & Moieni, 2006;Sherkati, Letouzey & Frizon de Lamotte, 2006;Mouthereau et al 2007) (Fig. 3).…”

Section: A Deformation Style Of the Cover Rocksunclassified

“…Some authors propose imbrication of the basement below the detached cover (Sherkati, Letouzey & Frizon de Lamotte, 2006;Mouthereau, Lacombe & Meyer, 2006;Mouthereau et al 2007;Carruba et al 2006), while others suggest that large thrust faults with significant displacement cut through basement and cover (Blanc et al 2003;Alavi, 2007). McQuarrie (2004) presented a discussion on the involvement of the basement in the deformation and concluded that most probably the cover is detached from the basement in the Lurestan and the Fars, with the basement only involved in the internal parts of the fold-thrust belt.…”

Section: A Deformation Style Of the Cover Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blanc et al 2003;McQuarrie, 2004;Sherkati & Letouzey, 2004;Mouthereau et al 2007;Alavi, 2007) (see the location of cross-sections in Fig. 3).…”

Section: B Shortening Based On Geological Cross-sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few tens of kilometres of shortening are generally observed in the folded region of the Zagros Fold Belt (e.g. Blanc et al 2003;Sherkati & Letouzey, 2004;, whereas in the remaining inner portions of the belt, amounts of shortening are largely unknown or poorly constrained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crustal-scale cross-sections across the NW Zagros belt: implications for the Arabian margin reconstruction

et al. 2011

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-Quantified balanced and restored crustal cross-sections across the NW Zagros Mountains are presented in this work integrating geological and geophysical local and global datasets. The balanced crustal cross-section reproduces the surficial folding and thrusting of the thick cover succession, including the near top of the Sarvak Formation (∼ 90 Ma) that forms the top of the restored crustal cross-section. The base of the Arabian crust in the balanced cross-section is constrained by recently published seismic receiver function results showing a deepening of the Moho from 42 ± 2 km in the undeformed foreland basin to 56 ± 2 km beneath the High Zagros. The internal parts of the deformed crustal cross-section are constrained by new seismic tomographic sections imaging a ∼ 50 • NE-dipping sharp contact between the Arabian and Iranian crusts. These surfaces bound an area of 10 800 km 2 that should be kept constant during the Zagros orogeny. The Arabian crustal cross-section is restored using six different tectonosedimentary domains according to their sedimentary facies and palaeobathymetries, and assuming Airy isostasy and area conservation. While the two southwestern domains were directly determined from well-constrained surface data, the reconstruction of the distal domains to the NE was made using the recent margin model of Wrobel-Daveau et al. (2010) and fitting the total area calculated in the balanced cross-section. The Arabian continental-oceanic boundary, at the time corresponding to the near top of the Sarvak Formation, is located 169 km to the NE of the trace of the Main Recent Fault. Shortening is estimated at ∼ 180 km for the cover rocks and ∼ 149 km for the Arabian basement, including all compressional events from Late Cretaceous to Recent time, with an average shortening rate of ∼ 2 mm yr −1 for the last 90 Ma.

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“…Blanc et al 2003;McQuarrie, 2004;Carruba et al 2006;Sepehr, Cosgrove & Moieni, 2006;Sherkati, Letouzey & Frizon de Lamotte, 2006;Mouthereau et al 2007) (Fig. 3).…”

Section: A Deformation Style Of the Cover Rocksunclassified

Section: A Deformation Style Of the Cover Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blanc et al 2003;McQuarrie, 2004;Sherkati & Letouzey, 2004;Mouthereau et al 2007;Alavi, 2007) (see the location of cross-sections in Fig. 3).…”

Section: B Shortening Based On Geological Cross-sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crustal-scale cross-sections across the NW Zagros belt: implications for the Arabian margin reconstruction

et al. 2011

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“…The Zagros Mountains and the foreland are currently seismically extremely active. Recent GPS measurements indicate that the Arabian plate continues to move northwards relative to the Iranian microplate at rates of 20 ± 5 mm yr −1 (Tatar et al 2002;Blanc et al 2003;Nilforoushan et al 2003;Allen, Jackson & Walker, 2004;Allen et al 2006;Vernant et al 2004;Rielinger et al 2006;Walpersdorf et al 2006).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neogene sediments and modern depositional environments of the Zagros foreland basin system

et al. 2011

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-A sedimentological investigation of the Neogene deposits of the Zagros foreland basin in SW Iran reveals a continuous and largely gradational passage from supratidal and sabkha sediments at the base (represented by the Gachsaran Formation) to carbonates and marine marls (Mishan Formation with basal Guri carbonate member) followed by coastal plain and meandering river deposits (Agha Jari Formation) and finally to braided river gravel sheets (Bakhtyari Formation). This vertical succession is interpreted to represent the southward migration of foreland basin depozones (from distal foredeep and foredeep to distal wedge-top and proximal wedge-top, respectively) as the Zagros fold-thrust belt migrated progressively southward towards the Arabian foreland. This vertical succession bears a striking similarity to modern depositional environments and sedimentary deposits observed in the Zagros region today, where one passes from mainly braided rivers in the Zagros Mountains to meandering rivers close to the coast, to shallow marine clastic sediments along the northern part of the Persian Gulf and finally to carbonate ramp and sabkha deposits along the southeastern coast of the Persian Gulf. This link between the Neogene succession and the modern-day depositional environments strongly suggests that the major Neogene formations of the Zagros foreland basin are strongly diachronous (as shown recently by others) and have active modern-day equivalents.

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Zagros “phantom earthquakes” reassessed—The interplay of seismicity and deep salt flow in the Simply Folded Belt?

et al. 2014

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Unraveling the contributions of main shock slip, aftershocks, aseismic afterslip, and postseismic relaxation to the deformation observed in earthquake sequences heightens our understanding of crustal rheology, triggering phenomena, and seismic hazard. Here, we revisit two recent earthquakes in the Zagros mountains (Iran) which exhibited unusual and contentious aftereffects. The M w ∼6 earthquakes at Qeshm (2005) and Fin (2006) are both associated with large interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) signals, consistent with slip on steep reverse faults in carbonate rocks of the middle sedimentary cover, but small aftershocks detected with local seismic networks were concentrated at significantly greater depths. This discrepancy can be interpreted in one of two ways: either (1) there is a genuine vertical separation between main shock and aftershocks, reflecting a complex stress state near the basement-cover interface, or (2) the aftershocks delimit the main shock slip and the InSAR signals were caused by shallow, updip afterslip (phantom earthquakes) with very similar magnitudes, mechanisms, and geographical positions as the original earthquakes. Here, we show that main shock centroid depths obtained from body waveform modeling-which in this instance is the only method that can reveal for certain the depth at which seismic slip was centered-strongly support the first interpretation. At Qeshm, microseismic aftershock depths are centered at the level of the Hormuz Formation, an Infracambrian sequence of intercalated evaporitic and nonevaporitic sediments. These aftershocks may reflect the breaking up of harder Hormuz sediments and adjacent strata as the salt flows in response to main shock strain at the base of the cover. This work bolsters recent suggestions that most large earthquakes in the Zagros are contained within carbonate rocks in the midlower sedimentary cover and that the crystalline basement shortens mostly aseismically.

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Structural styles in the Zagros Simple Folded Zone, Iran

Cited by 332 publications

References 42 publications

Crustal-scale cross-sections across the NW Zagros belt: implications for the Arabian margin reconstruction

Crustal-scale cross-sections across the NW Zagros belt: implications for the Arabian margin reconstruction

Neogene sediments and modern depositional environments of the Zagros foreland basin system

Zagros “phantom earthquakes” reassessed—The interplay of seismicity and deep salt flow in the Simply Folded Belt?

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