Structural, thermal and dielectric properties of 2D layered Ti₃C₂T_x (MXene) filled poly (ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate) (EMA) nanocomposites

Abstract

Light-weight and flexible 2D MXene-based polymer materials with low dielectric loss and high dielectric constant have drawn great attention in the power systems and modern electronic field. A series of Ti 3 C 2 T x /EMA composites were fabricated via simple solution casting followed by a compression molding method with various mass concentrations of Ti 3 C 2 T x (0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, and 15 wt%). Morphological and micro structural properties of the prepared composites were studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fieldemission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), where the distribution of Ti 3 C 2 T x in the Ti 3 C 2 T x /EMA composites was confirmed. Thermal behaviors were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) investigations. The DSC analysis reveals that the % of crystallinity decreases from 11.06 with 1 wt% to 5.68 with 15 wt%, where Ti 3 C 2 T x acts as an efficient nucleating agent. TGA data confirm the enhancement of the thermal stability of the composites upon increasing in Ti 3 C 2 T x loading. The room temperature electrical and dielectric behavior of the studied composites were examined in the frequency range of 100 Hz-5 MHz. In this work, the 10 wt% of Ti 3 C 2 T x loaded poly (ethylene-co-methyl acrylate) composite (EMA) showed higher dielectric permittivity (ε 0 = 124.22) with lower dissipation loss (tan δ = 0.051) at 100 Hz among all weight percentages. The behavior of charge carriers in the prepared composites was studied by utilizing the impedance spectroscopy technique. The electrical parameters were calculated from the fitted Nyquist plots with a corresponding circuit model. I-V curves confirmed the conduction mechanisms of the composites. This beneficial enhancement in electrical properties recommends the composite can be utilized in flexible electronic storage devices.

Two‐dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene)‐multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced ethyl methyl acrylate/ethylene octene copolymer binary blend hybrid nanocomposites with enhanced thermal and dielectric properties

“…Figure 2 displays the diffractograms of Ti 3 AlC 2 powders, as‐prepared Ti 3 C 2 T x powders, p‐MWCNTs, O‐MWCNTs, and the corresponding hybrid composites. From Figure 2(A), it can be noticed that the intense diffraction peaks of Ti 3 AlC 2 appeared at around 9.58°, 19.18°, 34°, 36.84°, 39.08°, 41.8°, 42.54°, 48.56°, 52.42°, and 56.56°, which are consistent with our previous publications 31,35 . After HF etching, the (104) intense peak of Ti 3 C 2 T x at ~39° almost decreased in comparison to Ti 3 AlC 2 and the typical peaks of Ti 3 C 2 T x appeared at 9.18°, 18.56°, and 27.94°, respectively.…”

“…58 , 19.18 , 34 , 36.84 , 39.08 , 41.8 , 42.54 , 48.56 , 52.42 , and 56.56 , which are consistent with our previous publications. 31,35 After HF etching, the (104) intense peak of Ti 3 C 2 T x at $39 almost decreased in comparison to Ti 3 AlC 2 and the typical peaks of Ti 3 C 2 T x appeared at 9.18 , 18.56 , and 27.94 , respectively. The (002) plane of hexagonal crystal structure corresponds to the Ti 3 C 2 T x -characteristic peak and is considered at 9.18 .…”

“…EMA copolymers are semi‐crystalline polymers containing both non‐polar and polar domains and have great flexibility, thermal stability, good aging, and weather resistance. Due to their fascinating features, their nanocomposites are mainly used for high‐voltage electrical/cable insulation and under‐hood applications 31 . EOC, a new polyolefin elastomer with remarkable features, attracts a lot of attention in electronic and electrical applications and is extensively used as an impact modifier 32 .…”

“…Due to their fascinating features, their nanocomposites are mainly used for high-voltage electrical/ cable insulation and under-hood applications. 31 EOC, a new polyolefin elastomer with remarkable features, attracts a lot of attention in electronic and electrical applications and is extensively used as an impact modifier. 32 The combination of two or more distinct polymers to form a polymer blends which is characterized by its ability to produce new materials with remarkable physicochemical properties.…”

Energy Storage Performance of Polymer-Based Dielectric Composites with Two-Dimensional Fillers

“…Nanomaterials 2023, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 33 of 47 which focused on achieving an ultra-high dielectric constant with low filler loadings but near the percolation threshold, such as a dielectric constant of 439 with a loss of 0.53 in MXene/acrylic resin [251], a dielectric constant of 539 with a loss of 0.06 in MXene/P(VDF-HFP) [252], a dielectric constant of 11,800 with a loss of 1.31 in MXene/PVC [253], a dielectric constant of 23.7 with a loss of 0.11 in MXene/PDMS [254], and a dielectric constant of 82.1 with a loss of 0.2 in MXene/PVDF [255]. However, because the energy storage performance was mainly determined by the low loss and low conductivity, most of the study still focused on the high dielectric permittivity [256][257][258][259] instead of investigating the energy storage capacity. Although most of the studies on MXene-based nanocomposites focused on a high dielectric permittivity, there were still some reports on the energy storage capability.…”