Structure and evolution of organelle genomes.

Wallace, Douglas C.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.46.2.208-240.1982

Cited by 125 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 211 publications

(348 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several reviews are available on the molecular biology of the mitochondrion and its DNA (Clayton, 1982(Clayton, , 1984Gray & Doolittle, 1982;Wallace, 1982;Yaffe & Schatz, 1984;Fischer Lindahl, 1985) as well as on the population genetics of mtDNA (Avise & Lansman, 1983;Birky, Maruyama & Fuerst, 1983;Takahata, 1984).…”

Section: Molecular Struciure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA and two perspectives on evolutionary genetics

Wilson

Cann

Carr

et al. 1985

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

1,091

561

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This essay reviews comparative studies of animal mitochondria1 DNA (mtDNA), with emphasis on findings made and ideas developed at Berkeley. It argues that such studies are bringing together two previous paths of progress in evolutionary biology. One path is that of those who worked far above the species level and were concerned with genealogical trees, time scales and the accumulation of new mutations on surviving molecular lineages. The other path is that of those who worked at and below the species level and were concerned mainly with population structure, migration and the frequencies of alleles that existed in an ancestral population. This fusion of paths is made possible by the high rate at which mutations accumulate on mtDNA lineages and by this molecule's uniparental and apparently haploid mode of inheritance. These properties make mtDNA a superb tool for building trees and time scales relating molecular lineages at and below the species level. In addition, owing to its mode of inheritance, mtDNA is more sensitive to bottlenecks in population size and to population subdivision than are nuclear genes. Joint comparative studies of both mtDNA and nuclear DNA variability give us valuable insights into how effective population size has varied through time. Such studies also give insight into the conditions under which mtDNA from one species can colonize another species.

show abstract

Section: Molecular Struciure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA and two perspectives on evolutionary genetics

Wilson

Cann

Carr

et al. 1985

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

1,091

561

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because of this important function, the mitochondrial genome has a very stable structure across deep evolutionary scales. The overwhelming majority of metazoans have 37 mitochondrial genes on a single, ~16,000 bp circular chromosome: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) (Wallace 1982, Wolstenholme 1992, Boore 1999, Chen and Butow 2005. Significant deviations from this established genomic architecture can have dire consequences for the affected organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial genomes ofColumbicolafeather lice are highly fragmented, indicating repeated evolution of minicircle-type genomes in parasitic lice

Sweet

Johnson

Cameron

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most animals have a conserved mitochondrial genome structure composed of a single chromosome. However, some organisms have their mitochondrial genes separated on several smaller circular or linear chromosomes. Highly fragmented circular chromosomes ("minicircles") are especially prevalent in parasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera), with 16 species known to have between 9 and 20 mitochondrial minicircles per genome. All of these species belong to the same clade (mammalian lice), suggesting a single origin of drastic fragmentation.Nevertheless, other work indicates a lesser degree of fragmentation (2-3 chromosomes/genome) is present in some avian feather lice (Ischnocera: Philopteridae). In this study, we tested for minicircles in four species of the feather louse genus Columbicola (Philopteridae). Using whole genome shotgun sequence data, we applied three different bioinformatic approaches for assembling the Columbicola mitochondrial genome. We further confirmed these approaches by assembling the mitochondrial genome of Pediculus humanus from shotgun sequencing reads, a species known to have minicircles. All three methods indicated Columbicola spp. genomes are highly fragmented into 15-17 minicircles between 1,119 and 3,173 bp in length, with 1-4 genes per minicircle. Subsequent annotation of the minicircles indicated that tRNA arrangements of minicircles varied substantially between species. These mitochondrial minicircles for species of Columbicola represent the first feather lice (Philopteridae) for which minicircles have been found in a full mitochondrial genome assembly. Combined with recent phylogenetic studies of parasitic lice, our results provide strong evidence that highly fragmented mitochondrial genomes, which are otherwise rare across the Tree of Life, evolved multiple times within parasitic lice.

show abstract

“…Mitochondrial genomes vary tremendously in size, those in higher plants being the largest (Leaver and Gray, 1982;Gray, 1982;Wallace, 1982). Recent estimates of genome size range from -160 kbp for Brassica oleracea (cabbage) mtDNA (Lebacq and Vedel, 1981) to 2400 kbp for Cucumis melo (muskmelon) mtDNA (Ward et al, 1981), making plant mtDNA some 10-150 times larger than animal mtDNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for homologous recombination between repeated sequences containing 18S and 5S ribosomal RNA genes in wheat mitochondrial DNA

et al. 1984

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Closely linked genes for 18S and 5S rRNAs have been located on four different cloned SalI restriction fragments of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mitochondrial DNA. Restriction analysis has revealed that in each of the cloned fragments, the 18S and 5S rRNA genes are contained within the same basic structural unit, R, which is at least 4 kbp long. This unit is flanked by sequences designated u (0.8 kbp), v (13.7 kbp), w (0.7 kbp), and y (1.4 kbp), in the orientations v‐R‐w, v‐R‐y, u‐R‐w, and u‐R‐y in the four different SalI fragments. We conclude that 18S + 5S rRNA genes are located at several distinct sites in the wheat mitochondrial genome, and suggest that reciprocal intra‐ and/or intermolecular recombination between such repeated sequences could promote extensive genomic rearrangement and thus contribute to the physical heterogeneity that is a hallmark of most plant mitochondrial DNAs.

show abstract

Structure and evolution of organelle genomes.

Cited by 125 publications

References 211 publications

Mitochondrial DNA and two perspectives on evolutionary genetics

Mitochondrial DNA and two perspectives on evolutionary genetics

Mitochondrial genomes ofColumbicolafeather lice are highly fragmented, indicating repeated evolution of minicircle-type genomes in parasitic lice

Evidence for homologous recombination between repeated sequences containing 18S and 5S ribosomal RNA genes in wheat mitochondrial DNA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About