Structure and Formation Mechanism of China-ASEAN Tourism Cooperation

Abstract

<jats:p>Tourism cooperation is an essential element for tourism development in China-ASEAN countries and has made a significant economic contribution to destinations. This study investigates the structure of tourism cooperation in China-ASEAN relations and identifies a set of factors that affect tourism cooperation from a network perspective. By employing social network analysis, the results indicate that the scale of cooperation is small, and the efficiency is not high, although the restrictions on cooperation between countries are reduced. The findings also indicate that differences in the political system, security, population density, and language can promote tourism cooperation, while differences in governance, income, and consumption level impede tourism cooperation. The research results may assist China-ASEAN countries to formulate tourism strategies suitable for international cooperation and national differences.</jats:p>

A social network analysis of tourism cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta: A supply and demand perspective

“…The analysis of tourism cooperation in this study shows that the interpretation of individualism, essentialism, and atomism has shifted to a better understanding of relations, backgrounds, and systems [16]. Previously, scholars have examined the preconditions and policy framework of tourism cooperation in some specific regions [1,4,7,9,42], but there are few in-depth studies on tourism cooperation among cities in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. The present study intends to help fill this research gap by analyzing tourism cooperation from a supply and demand perspective through network analysis of official news released by the Chinese government and quotations for tour routes published by travel agencies.…”

“…In many countries, tourism may be more important than other economic sectors [6]. The development of tourism in China has entered the stage of regional competition and cooperation to maximize the tourist potential of scenic spots, tourist routes, and cities, and it has become increasingly common to seek regional cooperation to promote the sustainable development of tourism [7][8][9]. Scholars have studied the concept definition, theoretical basis [10,11], influencing factors and dynamic mechanisms [12], cooperation models, spatial organization [13], evaluated cooperation potential [14], cooperation evolution [15], and other aspects of regional tourism cooperation.…”

New Age of Indonesian Local Tourism Development: Community Bonding, Youth Work, and Selling Tourism

“…Tourist villages also can develop when the youth attend to the hospitality. Promoting the convenience of traveling for visitors is important as part of a tourism destination development strategy (Yin, Bi and Ji, 2020;Bonilla-Quijada, Tugores-Ques and Arriaga, 2021). Therefore, the youth work to increase competitiveness in managing tourist destinations requires a development strategy.…”

Evaluation and Spatial Characteristics of Cooperation among Tourist Attractions Based on a Geographic Information System: A Case Study of The Yangtze River Delta Region, China

“…Li et al classified the various influencing factors of regional tourism cooperation into exogenous, endogenous, and random factors, mainly including economic, political, sociocultural, legal, demographic, and geospatial factors [27]. Yin et al identified a set of factors that affect tourism cooperation in China-ASEAN including differences in political system, governance, and income [28]. In addition to the abovementioned factors influencing cooperation between tourism destinations from the perspective of supply (including governments and enterprises), some scholars have also analyzed factors influencing cooperation between tourism destinations from the perspective of demand [29][30][31][32].…”