Structure and Function of a Sea Urchin Orthodenticle-Related Gene (HpOtx)

Kiyama, Takae; Akasaka, Koji; Takata, Koki; Mitsunaga‐Nakatsubo, Keiko; Sakamoto, Naoaki; Shimada, Hiraku

doi:10.1006/dbio.1997.8802

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…xp53 (R255T), Mix.2 (Smad mut), Mix.2 (FAST mut), Mix.2 (p53 mut) reporter mutants were made by a PCR-based method (Sawano and Miyawaki, 2000). p53 (X3), a p53 reporter gene was constructed by cloning annealed double strand oligonucleotides containing the p53-binding sites found in the human PA26 gene (Velasco-Miguel et al, 1999) into the Otx minimal promoter vector pGL3-HpOtxE (-139~+180) (Kiyama et al, 1998). pXeX-RL was made by cloning a PstI/XbaI fragment from pRL-CMV (Promega) into pXeX (Johnson and Krieg, 1994) (Chen et al, 1997;Watanabe and Whitman, 1999;Yeo et al, 1999).…”

Section: Whole-mount In Situ Hybridizationsupporting

confidence: 44%

Interplay between the tumor suppressor p53 and TGFβ signaling shapes embryonic body axes inXenopus

Takebayashi‐Suzuki

Tokumori

et al. 2003

Development

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The transcription factor p53 has been shown to mediate cellular responses to diverse stresses such as DNA damage. However, the function of p53 in cellular differentiation in response to growth factor stimulations has remained obscure. We present evidence that p53 regulates cellular differentiation by modulating signaling of the TGFβ family of growth factors during early Xenopus embryogenesis. We show that p53 functionally and physically interacts with the activin and bone morphogenetic protein pathways to directly induce the expression of the homeobox genes Xhox3 and Mix.1/2. Furthermore, functional knockdown of p53 in embryos by an antisense morpholino oligonucleotide reveals that p53 is required for the development of dorsal and ventral mesoderm. Our data illustrate a pivotal role of interplay between the p53 and TGFβ pathways in cell fate determination during early vertebrate embryogenesis.

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Section: Whole-mount In Situ Hybridizationsupporting

confidence: 44%

Interplay between the tumor suppressor p53 and TGFβ signaling shapes embryonic body axes inXenopus

Takebayashi‐Suzuki

Tokumori

et al. 2003

Development

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“…Otx exists as a single copy gene in echinoderms and invertebrate chordates but complex alternative splicing and alternative promoter use in echinoids results in multiple transcripts that produce two protein isoforms (Li et al, 1997;Kiyama et al, 1998). The expression of the otx transcript variants is regulated by different cis-regulatory modules, which respond to different early acting transcription factors (Li et al, 1997;Davidson et al, 2002a,b;Yuh et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 44%

“…Multiple otx transcripts, that encode two proteins, are detected in two sea urchins, S. purpuratus and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Li et al, 1997;Kiyama et al, 1998). The splicing site for these also occurs in the conserved (D/N)PPRK motif adjacent to the homeodomain.…”

Section: Five Alternative Amotx Mrnas Encode Three Different Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 43%

Expression and function of a starfish Otx ortholog, AmOtx: a conserved role for Otx proteins in endoderm development that predates divergence of the eleutherozoa

Hinman

Nguyen

Davidson

2003

Mechanisms of Development

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The sea urchin orthodenticle (Otx)-related transcription factor is an early activator of other endomesodermally expressed transcription factors. Its normal function is required for the development of the archenteron and to lock cells into endomesodermal fate. To determine if this is a basal Otx function in echinoderms we have studied the role of an Otx ortholog in a starfish, Asterina miniata. The patterns of AmOtx expression are found to be similar, in many details, to those reported for other indirectly developing echinoderms and hemichordates, suggestive of a conserved function both in endoderm development and ciliary band formation in these two phyla. When downstream targets of the AmOtx protein are suppressed using a dominant engrailed repressor strategy, embryos fail to develop the endodermal component of the archenteron, though initial phases of mesoderm development proceed normally. The function of Otx proteins in endodermal development at least predated the evolution of the free-living echinoderms (Eleutherozoa).

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“…In sea urchins, Otx genes have been characterized in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Li et al, 1997) and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Kiyama et al, 1998). Two proteins, SpOtx(α) and SpOtx(β), are generated from a single gene in S. purpuratus (Li et al, 1997) and correspond respectively to the early and late proteins, HpOtx E and HpOtx L in H. pulcherrimus, also generated from a single gene (Kiyama et al, 1998). The two forms of protein are identical in the homeodomains and C terminal regions but differ in the N terminal regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Expression of an Otx gene in the adult rudiment and the developing central nervous system in the vestibula larva of the sea urchin Holopneustes purpurescens.

Morris

Zhao²,

Shearman³

et al. 2004

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Expression of the Otx gene, HprOtx, from the sea urchin Holopneustes purpurescens, is described during the development of the adult echinoid rudiment in the vestibula larva of this species. The adult rudiment forms directly after gastrulation in the vestibula larva since, unlike the pluteus larva of most other sea urchin species, it is not a feeding larva. The expression is described during the period from hatching to a late vestibula larva. At hatching, HprOtx is expressed throughout the ectoderm of the gastrula. A short time later, expression is absent from the ectoderm on the oral side of the gastrula where the vestibule will form. In an early vestibula larva, HprOtx is not expressed in the ectodermal floor of the vestibule but is expressed in an asymmetric pattern in the aboral ectoderm. As the vestibule invaginates, HprOtx is newly expressed in the ectodermal floor of the vestibule as it develops into the neuroectoderm that is the anlage of the circum-oral central nervous system. The expression is at first in the central part of the floor, then it extends outwards to the ectoderm around the five primary podia and to the epineural folds between the podia. The epineural folds later close to form the radial nerves and the circum-oral nerve ring. In a late vestibula larva, HprOtx is expressed in the radial nerves and the nerve ring. The expression of an Otx gene in the developing echinoid central nervous system is interpreted as an instance of conserved gene expression in echinoderm development.

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Structure and Function of a Sea Urchin Orthodenticle-Related Gene (HpOtx)

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Interplay between the tumor suppressor p53 and TGFβ signaling shapes embryonic body axes inXenopus

Interplay between the tumor suppressor p53 and TGFβ signaling shapes embryonic body axes inXenopus

Expression and function of a starfish Otx ortholog, AmOtx: a conserved role for Otx proteins in endoderm development that predates divergence of the eleutherozoa

Expression of an Otx gene in the adult rudiment and the developing central nervous system in the vestibula larva of the sea urchin Holopneustes purpurescens.

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