Structure and ionization of sulfuric acid in water

Fraenkel, Dan

doi:10.1039/c5nj00167f

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[38][39][40][41] In addition to the low-frequency Raman lines of the H 2 SO 4 , HSO 4 − , and SO 4 2− ions in the 100-to1,800-cm −1 region, it is characterized by a strong and broad OH band (2,500-3,500 cm −1 ), which is assigned to the contributions from the ν 1 stretching mode of hydrated H 3 O + ions and H 2 O molecules. [42] In a recent Raman study, Fraenkel [43] suggested the existence of H 4 SO 5 (para-sulfuric acid) in the concentration range of~5.0 to 12.5 M H 2 SO 4 . This conclusion was supported by the absence of one O═S═O vibrational band at 1,150 cm −1 , which is a characteristic of H 2 SO 4 .…”

Section: Sulfuric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standoff Raman spectroscopy for future Europa Lander missions

Sharma

Porter

Misra

et al. 2020

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Near Infrared Mapping Spectrograph data from the Galileo spacecraft and cryogenic laboratory reflectance measurements on hydrated compounds identified the presence of mixtures of hydrous magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid, and hydrogen peroxide on the surface of Europa. Standoff Raman spectroscopy is ideally suited for exploring terrestrial Europa analog sites and Europa because of its ability to unambiguously identify minerals, organic compounds, and biomarkers inside ice. In the present work, we evaluated the performance of a standoff Raman system at various distances by measuring Raman spectra of hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid, and hydrous sulfate minerals, which are predicted to be present on Europa's surface. To simulate Europa's surface environment, Raman spectra of MgSO4·7H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), dry ice (CO2‐ice), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) naphthalene and anthracene inside crushed H2O‐ice, shaved H2O‐ice, and a clear H2O‐ice block have also been measured. The PAHs were selected in this study because of their presence in the interstellar medium, comets, and meteorites. The results show that it will be possible to map out the non‐ice components on the surface and subsurface of Europa analog sites and Europa up to a distance of 120 m from a static lander and to a depth of ~10 cm inside ice. We have evaluated the performance of a standoff Raman system at various distances by measuring Raman spectra of hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid, and hydrous sulfate minerals, which are predicted to be present on Europas surface. To simulate Europas surface environment, Raman spectra of MgSO4·7H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), dry ice (CO2‐ice), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) naphthalene and anthracene inside crushed H2O‐ice, shaved H2O‐ice, and H2O‐ice block have been measured.

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Section: Sulfuric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standoff Raman spectroscopy for future Europa Lander missions

Sharma

Porter

Misra

et al. 2020

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…The characteristics of these two ions are interrelated so that they can reduce the metal content in silica. (Fraenkel, 2015). The reactions that occur in metal oxides can be seen in these following equations:…”

Section: Preparation Of Silica Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Study of Chitosan Coating Silica Derived from Geotermal Solid Waste

Silviana¹,

Noorpasha²,

Rahman³

2020

cea

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Purpose: The purposes of this research are to study preparation of chitosan coating silica aerogel derived from solid geothermal waste as adsorbent of CO 2 and CH 4 separation and to study CO 2 adsorption kinetics on chitosan coating silica aerogel by Pseudo First Order and Second Order methods. Methodology was conducted consisting of several steps. First, geothermal silica was leached with H 2 SO 4 20% 1: 5 w/v. Then, chitosan was added into silica

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“…In most cases, the dissociation of strong mineral acids is investigated for fundamental research on species interaction and thermodynamic parameters. 22–26 H-bond formation, hydration number, and dissociation of carboxylic acids have been investigated by factor analysis and IR spectroscopy in combination with titration and selective water spectra subtraction for quantitative calibration. 27–29 The approach has been suggested for Raman spectroscopy but has not yet been realized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inline Raman Spectroscopy and Indirect Hard Modeling for Concentration Monitoring of Dissociated Acid Species

et al. 2020

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We propose an approach for monitoring the concentration of dissociated carboxylic acid species in dilute aqueous solution. The dissociated acid species are quantified employing inline Raman spectroscopy in combination with Indirect Hard Modeling (IHM) and Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR). We introduce two different titration-based Hard Model (HM) calibration procedures for a single mono- or polyprotic acid in water with well-known (method A) or unknown (method B) acid dissociation constants pKa. In both methods, spectra of only one acid species in water are prepared for each acid species. These spectra are used for the construction of HMs. For method A, the HMs are calibrated with calculated ideal dissociation equilibria. For method B, we estimate pKa values by fitting ideal acid dissociation equilibria to acid peak areas that are obtained from a spectral HM. The HM in turn is constructed on the basis of MCR data. Thus, method B on the basis of IHM is independent of a priori known pKa values, but instead provides them as part of the calibration procedure. As a detailed example, we analyze itaconic acid in aqueous solution. For all acid species and water, we obtain low HM errors of less than 2.87Ã10-4 mol mol-1 in the cases of both method A and B. With only four calibration samples, IHM yields more accurate results than partial least squares regression. Furthermore, we apply our approach to formic, acetic, and citric acid in water, thereby verifying its generalizability as a process analytical technology for quantitative monitoring of processes containing carboxylic acids.

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Structure and ionization of sulfuric acid in water

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

Standoff Raman spectroscopy for future Europa Lander missions

Standoff Raman spectroscopy for future Europa Lander missions

Preliminary Study of Chitosan Coating Silica Derived from Geotermal Solid Waste

Inline Raman Spectroscopy and Indirect Hard Modeling for Concentration Monitoring of Dissociated Acid Species

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