Structure, Conductivity, and Thermopower of Crystalline Polyaniline Synthesized by the Ultrasonic Irradiation Polymerization Method

Abstract

Polyaniline (PANI) samples were synthesized by an ultrasonic irradiation synthesis method and by a magnetic stirring process. The structure of the polyanilines was investigated by using infrared and UV-vis-NIR spectral analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and elemental analysis. The results clearly show that the crystallinity of polyaniline synthesized by using the ultrasonic synthesis method is much higher than that synthesized by the stirring synthesis method under similar conditions. Transmission electron microscope observation shows that the polyaniline powder synthesized by using the ultrasonic method consists mainly of hexagonal plates. Electron diffraction results show that the plates are small single crystals with well-developed hexagonal morphology. The lattice parameter of the crystal is a ) b ) 4.56 Å. A network structure model of crystalline polyaniline is proposed. The results of elemental analysis and the solubilities of the two types of PANI support this model. The conductivity and thermopower of polyaniline synthesized by the ultrasonic method are lower than the same properties exhibited by samples synthesized by the conventional method. The results indicate that polyaniline with higher crystallinity does not possess higher conductivity.

Facile and novel route for preparation of nanostructured polyaniline (PANi) thin films

“…and C-N, respectively (Kang et al 1998). The peaks at 1,121 and 801 cm -1 are attributed to the aromatic C-H bending in the plane and out of the plane for the 1, 4-disubstituted aromatic ring (Ç olak and Sökmen 2000; Liu et al 2002). The band at 499 cm -1 is attributed to S-C stretching vibration mode, indicating the presence of the chloro group which supports formation of emeraldine PANi hydrogen chloride.…”

Synthesis of conductive nanocomposites based on polyaniline/poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)/polystyrene

“…This process under ultrasonic irradiation leads to nano particle PANI [1,2]. The free-radical polymerization of the PSMA is facile, and the copolymer is readily recovered.…”

“…PANI has been considered as one of the most potential conducting polymers for various electrochemical, electrorheological and electronic applications such as batteries, sensors, controlling systems and organic displays because of its facile synthetic process, good environmental stability, easy conductivity control and cheap production in large quantities [1][2][3][4][5]. However, its processability to make either films or coated layers is rather difficult because it is infusible and insoluble in common solvents, so that the above-mentioned commercial applications have been limited.…”

Nano Reactive Polymer Based on Polyaniline as Asphalt Modifier for Anticorrosion Application

“…This process under the test conditions leads to nano particle PANI-H2SO4 [31,32]. Figure 2 shows SEM micrographs of the PANI-H2SO4 nanoparticles in which particles possess different distribution size.…”