“…It is possible to achieve an equal amount of hole doping with half the number of the monovalent ions, because for the same amount of aliovalent dopant the hole density is twice that of the divalent ion doping. Monovalent ion-doped rare earth manganites of the general formula, Ln 1-x A x MnO 3 (Ln = La, Pr, Nd; A = Na, K, Rb), provide another series of oxides to study the physical phenomena of insulator-to-metal transition and colossal magnetoresistance (Itoh et al 1995;Shimura et al 1996;Chen and de Lozanne 1997;Ng-Lee et al 1997;Sahana et al 1997;Singh et al 1998). Alkali metal ion doped lanthanum manganites have been prepared by the conventional ceramic methods (Itoh et al 1995;Shimura et al 1996), alkali-flux method (Singh et al 1998;Shivakumara et al 2004) and fused salt electrolysis (McCarroll et al 1999).…”