Structure Determination of 6-Hydroxycyanidin- and 6-Hydroxydelphinidin-3-(6''-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosides) and Other Anthocyanins from Alstroemeria Cultivars.

Petunidin 3-O-α-Rhamnopyranoside-5-O-β-glucopyranoside and Other Anthocyanins from Flowers of Vicia villosa

“…The corresponding aglycon carbons were assigned by the heteronuclear shift correlation (HSC) experiment, and the signals of the quarternary carbon atoms (Table 3) were found by an APT experiment to be in accordance with the aglycon petunidin (Andersen et al, 1991). The two anomeric carbon signals appear considerably downfield from the other sugar resonances, and thus the cross-peaks at δ 6.0/102.1 and 5.3/102.5 in the HSC spectrum of 2 together with the nine carbon resonances between 80 and 60 ppm, in addition to the methyl carbon at δ 18.05, indicated two hexoses with pyranose form (Nygård et al, 1996). The two sugars were identified as β-glucopyranosyl and R-rhamno- pyranosyl on the basis of coupling constants, 1 H NMR integration data, and the chemical shifts of the sugars (Tables 2 and 3), which were assigned by homo-and heteronuclear shift correlations.…”

Timing and Pattern of Anthocyanin Accumulation during Grain Filling in Purple Waxy Corn (Zea mays L.) Suggest Optimal Harvest Dates

“…Anthocyanins, a large and diverse group of water-soluble flavonoid pigments, are glycosylated polyhydroxy or polymethoxy derivatives of 2-phenylbenzopyrilium, which contains 15 carbons in a C6–C3–C6 arrangement, with two aromatic rings connected by a three-carbon bridge. Hundreds of anthocyanins have been reported, − and naturally occurring anthocyanins have various colors depending on the pH, temperature, and light intensity. , Strack and Wray classified naturally occurring anthocyanins according to five functional groups: common basic structures, common methylated structures, 3-deoxy structures, rarely hydroxylated structures, and rarely methylated structures. Anthocyanins are biosynthesized from malonyl CoA and p -coumaroyl CoA by chalcone synthase.…”