Structure of biological apatite

Talal, Ahmed; Hamid, Shorouq Khalid; Khan, Muhammad Aslam; Khan, Abdul Samad

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102834-6.00001-x

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The mechanical properties of the enamel differed from the lingual to the buccal side of the molar, and correlated with the chemical compositions [39]. Talal et al [40] summarized the compositions of enamel, dentin, and bone published in the literature and other sources, as shown in Table 2. Unfortunately, there are no descriptions in the referenced literature, and most bioapatite researchers would not accept such a compositional configuration.…”

Section: Indeterminate Composition Of Biological Apatite and Differen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Confusion between Carbonate Apatite and Biological Apatite (Carbonated Hydroxyapatite) in Bone and Teeth

et al. 2022

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Biological apatite in enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone is highly individualized hydroxyapatite with high tissue dependency. Often, standard and average textbook values for biological apatite do not apply to actual subjects, and the reported results of analyses differ among investigators. In particular, the term biological apatite is often confusingly and incorrectly used to describe carbonate apatite. The purpose of this review is to prevent further confusion. We believe that apatite should be well understood across disciplines and the terminology clearly defined. According to a definition by the International Mineralogical Association’s Commission on New Minerals Nomenclature and Classification, biological apatite formed by living organisms is a type of hydroxyapatite. More specifically, it is carbonated hydroxyapatite, which is quite different from frequently misnamed carbonate apatite. We hope that this definition will be widely adopted to remove confusion around the naming of apatite in many research and applied fields.

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Section: Indeterminate Composition Of Biological Apatite and Differen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative proportions of enamel and dentin constituents. This table was created based on the values at Talal et al[40].…”

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confidence: 99%

Confusion between Carbonate Apatite and Biological Apatite (Carbonated Hydroxyapatite) in Bone and Teeth

et al. 2022

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“…Hydroxyapatite has a complex chemical structure, with Ca/P ratio of 1.67, a hexagonal symmetry S.G. P6 3 /m with lattice parameters a = 0.95 nm and c = 0.68 nm [ 19 , 33 ], and it is the most stable calcium phosphate salt at normal temperatures and pH between 4 and 12 [ 34 ]. Ca 2+ , PO 4 3− , and OH − ions are distributed over 2 symmetric parts of the unit cell and each unit cell of HAp contains 10 Ca 2+ atoms distributed in 2 sites, 6 PO 4 3− ions in the tetrahedron, and 2 OH − ions surrounding the Ca 2+ ions at the corners of the unit cell ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Focus On Hydroxyapatitementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Development in Biomaterials—Hydroxyapatite and Bioglass for Applications in Biomedical Field: A Review

Filip

Surdu

Paduraru

et al. 2022

JFB

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Inorganic biomaterials, including different types of metals and ceramics are widely used in various fields due to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and bioresorbable capacity. In recent years, biomaterials have been used in biomedical and biological applications. Calcium phosphate (CaPs) compounds are gaining importance in the field of biomaterials used as a standalone material or in more complex structures, especially for bone substitutes and drug delivery systems. The use of multiple dopants into the structure of CaPs compounds can significantly improve their in vivo and in vitro activity. Among the general information included in the Introduction section, in the first section of this review paper, the authors provided a background on the development of hydroxyapatite, methods of synthesis, and its applications. The advantages of using different ions and co-ions for substitution into the hydroxyapatite lattice and their influence on physicochemical, antibacterial, and biological properties of hydroxyapatite are also presented in this section of the review paper. Larry Hench’s 45S5 Bioglass®, commercially named 45S5, was the first bioactive glass that revealed a chemical bond with bone, highlighting the potential of this biomaterial to be widely used in biomedicine for bone regeneration. The second section of this article is focused on the development and current products based on 45S5 Bioglass®, covering the historical evolution, importance of the sintering method, hybrid bioglass composites, and applications. To overcome the limitations of the original biomaterials, studies were performed to combine hydroxyapatite and 45S5 Bioglass® into new composites used for their high bioactivity and improved properties. This particular type of combined hydroxyapatite/bioglass biomaterial is discussed in the last section of this review paper.

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“…Оскільки основними неорганічними елементами кісткової тканини є гідроксиапатит і фосфати кальцію, то вони та їх композити вважаються біоактивними і найперспективнішими для заміщення кісткових дефектів (Talal et al, 2020). Наразі на ринку представ-лені зарубіжні та вітчизняні імплантаційні матеріали на основі гідроксиапатиту, β-трикальційфосфату чи αтрикальційфосфату (Talashova et al, 2012;Huryn et al, 2012;Shumilovaa et al, 2014;Rahmati et al, 2018), які, однак, потребують суттєвого клінікоексперементального обґрунтування.…”

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Evaluation of usage of silicon-doped hydroxyapatite ceramics for treatment of fragmented bone fractures in dogs

et al. 2020

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None of the methods of osteosynthesis provides the consolidation of bone fragments which have lost contact with soft tissues. It makes extremely difficult treating of this type fractures. Bone defect between the fragments and absence of a primary biological matrix complicates revascularization, causes long-term life of the connective tissue and cells of cartilaginous phenotype in the fracture zone. It is leads to a long-term consolidation of the fracture. Composites of hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphates are considered as bioactive and therefore the most promising for bone defects replacing. The aim of this investigation was clinical, radiological and hematological evaluation using of silicon-doped ceramics for fragmented bone fractures in dogs. For study was chosen dogs with accidental fragmented fractures of tubular bones which treated by extracortical osteosynthesis method. Animal was divided into two groups. A bone defects were filled with ceramics (GTlKg-3) for experimental animal group (n = 7), while no filling of bone defects in control animal group(n = 7) was performed. Protocol of anesthesia included medetomidine, butorphanol tartrate and epidural anesthesia with 2 % lidocaine solution. Animals of the control group began to lean on the injured limb from the 12–15th day after surgery, while the animal of research group from the 8-9th day. Complete limb repair in dogs of the control group occurred on the 38–42th day, but such period for experimental group animals was shorter – 25–27th day after the osteosynthesis. X-ray investigation (60th day) of experimental group dogs showed new formed bone tissue with osteosclerotic zones without a periosteal reaction, bone tissue, with a normal view of the epiphyseal areas and the bone marrow cavity. This is evidence of localized reparative osteogenesis (within bone trauma only), and completed fracture consolidation. At the same time in cases of the control group we found lower X-ray density of new bone, periosteum was thickened with excessive proliferation of the endosteum, especially below the site of bone injury. Thus, in case the absence of hydroxyapatite matrix in bone defects there were compensatory increasing proliferation of periosteum and endoosteum. Fragmented fractures of tubular bones in dogs have occurred by erythrocytopenia, that quickly disappear due to the reparative osteogenesis in dog of experimental group. These animals have had leukocytosis increasing due to the first three days after osteosynthesis as a reaction to the implantation of a calcium-phosphorus composite material. Dogs of control group have had second wave of leukocytosis increasing on forty-second day associated with elongated remodeling process. Areparative osteogenesis can be accelerated in 1.5 times in case of replacement of bone defects with silicon doped hydroxyapatite ceramics. It is possibility realized thru moderate reduction of active phase of inflammation and acceleration of proliferative phase, mainly from endosteum side with early mineralization of bone regenerate. The dynamics of hematology parameters is a typical for the tubular bone consolidation that indicates about moderate inflammation and demonstrate biological tolerance of silicon-doped hydroxyapatite ceramics.

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Structure of biological apatite

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Confusion between Carbonate Apatite and Biological Apatite (Carbonated Hydroxyapatite) in Bone and Teeth

Confusion between Carbonate Apatite and Biological Apatite (Carbonated Hydroxyapatite) in Bone and Teeth

Current Development in Biomaterials—Hydroxyapatite and Bioglass for Applications in Biomedical Field: A Review

Evaluation of usage of silicon-doped hydroxyapatite ceramics for treatment of fragmented bone fractures in dogs

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