Structure of PAN precursor in thermal‐induced gel spinning

Chen, Huifang; Du, Wenfeng; Wu, Ye; Pan, Ding

doi:10.1002/app.34249

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Second, the processing parameters such as the temperature of the coagulation bath and fiber residence time in the coagulation bath impact the strength of gel-spun fibers. Low-temperature coagulation bath promotes polymer gelation and gel-structures, which facilitate polymer alignment in the drawing process . Polymer gelation also depends on time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low-temperature coagulation bath promotes polymer gelation and gel-structures, which facilitate polymer alignment in the drawing process. 65 Polymer gelation also depends on time. When the fibers go through the coagulation bath, the increased temperature difference between the bath and fiber will accelerate the gelation process and further increase gel fiber's physical properties.…”

Section: Effect Of Chemically Modifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High-Performance Gel-Spun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers Reinforced by Organosolv Lignin-graft-poly(acrylic acid)

Cheng

Lin

Zheng

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Water-soluble synthetic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymers can be used as a raw material for high-performance solution-spun fibers. To enhance the biodegradability and physical properties of PVA fibers, lignin has been considered a low-cost, biobased filler/additive for PVA fibers. However, its amorphous structure and hydrophobic nature cause difficulty in developing lignin-reinforced PVA high-performance fibers due to the poor compatibility of amorphous lignin and linear semicrystalline hydrophilic PVA. Herein, the graft copolymerization of organosolv lignin (OL) and acrylic acid (AA) was performed at different reaction durations to yield hydrophilic lignin copolymers, which had enhanced compatibility with polar synthetic PVA. Chemically modified OL with reaction durations of 0, 12, and 24 h was incorporated into PVA fibers by gel spinning. With 5% modified OL from 24 h of reaction time, the composite fibers had an excellent tensile strength of 1.15 GPa, which was 61.4% higher than that of neat PVA fibers. This fiber’s Young’s modulus (13.09 GPa) and toughness (26 J/g) were also substantially enhanced when compared with those of the neat PVA fibers (Young’s modulus of 8.97 GPa and toughness of 18.09 J/g). This work enables the high-value utilization of a modified lignin filler in synthetic fibers for potential applications in industrial or technical textile fields.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Chemically Modifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Gel-Spun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers Reinforced by Organosolv Lignin-graft-poly(acrylic acid)

Cheng

Lin

Zheng

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…[ 7 ] So, it attracts many researchers to make great efforts to enhance the mechanical properties of CFs through optimization of the process parameters of the manufacturing stages of spinning, stabilization and carbonization. [ 8–11 ] Furthermore, an agreement has been reached that the mechanical performance of CF is mainly determined by the qualities of PAN precursor fibers. [ 2,12,13 ] The qualities of precursor fibers are related to their microstructures that are initially originated from coagulated process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Force field in coagulation bath at low temperature induced microfibril evolution within PAN nascent fiber and precursor fiber

Gao

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The coagulation process was vital for the microfibril evolution and mechanical properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. The PAN nascent fibers and precursor fibers were prepared by controlling drawing ratio of coagulation bath at low temperature during the dry‐jet wet spinning process. The microfibril morphological changes induced by force fields in coagulation bath were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. During the coagulation process, the spinning solution evolved into an interconnected network composed of random microfibrils and tie joints as a building block of the network. At low drawing ratio, the random interconnected network existed in nascent fibers. Increasing drawing ratio, the fiber filaments underwent shrinkage and the network was transformed into the transverse lamellae. Furthermore, the lamellar thickness also decreased. After the treatment of post‐spinning, similar transverse lamellae were formed in all of precursor fibers, and random microfibrillar network was stretched and oriented to develop into the aligned microfibrils in precursor fibers. The transverse fold‐chain crystal layers were densely stacked in the microfibrils. Increasing drawing ratio, the lamellae and microfibrils in precursor fibers were packed more densely and orderly. Consequently, the order and homogeneity of microfibrils in nascent fibers and precursor fibers were improved by increasing drawing ratio, which were benefit to increase fiber tensile strength and modulus.

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“…For instance, polymer molecular weight [ 122 ], polymer concentration [ 127 ], and solvent removal [ 127 , 128 ] may affect fiber spinnability and fiber microstructure. Other factors such as the coagulation temperature, spinning dopes, coagulation solvent compositions, and fiber gelation time also impact the strength of gel-spun fibers [ 129 ]. Table 2 concisely summarizes the experimental conditions (materials, spinning parameters, thermal treatment) and key properties (fiber diameter and mechanical properties) of solution-spun lignin-based carbon fibers from the reported literature.…”

Section: Mechanical Performance Of Lignin-based Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin-Based High-Performance Fibers by Textile Spinning Techniques

Lin

Cheng

2021

Materials

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As a major component of lignocellulosic biomass, lignin is one of the largest natural resources of biopolymers and, thus, an abundant and renewable raw material for products, such as high-performance fibers for industrial applications. Direct conversion of lignin has long been investigated, but the fiber spinning process for lignin is difficult and the obtained fibers exhibit unsatisfactory mechanical performance mainly due to the amorphous chemical structure, low molecular weight of lignin, and broad molecular weight distribution. Therefore, different textile spinning techniques, modifications of lignin, and incorporation of lignin into polymers have been and are being developed to increase lignin’s spinnability and compatibility with existing materials to yield fibers with better mechanical performance. This review presents the latest advances in the textile fabrication techniques, modified lignin-based high-performance fibers, and their potential in the enhancement of the mechanical performance.

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Structure of PAN precursor in thermal‐induced gel spinning

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

High-Performance Gel-Spun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers Reinforced by Organosolv Lignin-graft-poly(acrylic acid)

High-Performance Gel-Spun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers Reinforced by Organosolv Lignin-graft-poly(acrylic acid)

Force field in coagulation bath at low temperature induced microfibril evolution within PAN nascent fiber and precursor fiber

Lignin-Based High-Performance Fibers by Textile Spinning Techniques

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