Structure−Property Relationship in Biodegradable Poly(butylene succinate)/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

Ray, Suprakas Sinha; Okamoto, Kazuaki; Okamoto, Masami

doi:10.1021/ma021728y

Cited by 600 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In general, the shear viscosity of an inorganic nanocomposite increases with increasing inorganic content at low shear owing to the restriction of polymer chains and sometimes exhibit higher degrees of shear-thinning behavior compared to monomers such as Bingham uids. 56,57 The viscosity of the PCN series gradually decreased with increasing CNC content aer the viscosity peaked in PCN01.…”

Section: Rheological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans crystallization behavior and strong reinforcement effect of cellulose nanocrystals on reinforced poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

et al. 2018

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Biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) nanocomposites are polymerized via in situ polymerization of succinic acid (SA) with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-loaded 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) mixtures. As reinforcement fillers, whisker-like CNCs are first dispersed in alcohol and sequentially spray-dried, before adding them to 1,4-BD. During the polymerization, the remains of sodium sulfonate in the CNC surfaces retard the polycondensation reaction, which is carefully controlled for the CNC-loaded systems. For the 0.1-1.0 wt% CNC-loaded PBS nanocomposites, it is found the nano-fillers are sufficiently dispersed to induce different crystallization behavior of the matrix polymer. The CNCs may initially act as heterogeneous nucleation sites of the molten PBS chains, during melt crystallization. In this case, most of them tend to be pushed out from the growing crystallites, which develop different nanocomposite morphologies with increasing CNC content. Among the resulting nanocomposites, the 0.1 wt% CNCloaded system shows the highest tensile strength of 65.9 MPa, similar to that of nylon 6, as a representative engineering polymer as well as 2 fold elongation at break compared with Homo PBS. The in situ polymerized CNC-loaded PBS nanocomposites are expected to be a 100% biomass material for a virtuous cycle of biorefinery. Moreover, they demonstrate that the CNC-loaded PBS nanocomposite with a low CNC loading content can be used in various commercial applications for pollution abatement.

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Section: Rheological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans crystallization behavior and strong reinforcement effect of cellulose nanocrystals on reinforced poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, at the temperature range of 80-90 8C, all nanocomposites exhibit much higher enhancement in G 0 (96% for PLA/SBE4, 103% for PLA/ODA4, and 111% for PLA/MEE4) than that of pure PLA with the exception of PLA/SAP4 with 45% increment. This is due to the mechanistic reinforcement by the silicate particles at high temperature [64,65]. Above T g ; when materials become soft the reinforcement effect of the silicate particles becomes prominent, due to the restricted movement of the polymer chains, and hence strong enhancement of modulus appeared [5].…”

Section: Thermal Properties and Spherulite Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

New polylactide/layered silicate nanocomposites. 5. Designing of materials with desired properties

Ray

Yamada

Okamoto

et al. 2003

Polymer

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284

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Understanding the structure/property relationship in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites is of great importance in designing materials with desired properties. In order to understand these relations, a series of polylactide (PLA)/organically modified layered silicate (OMLS) nanocomposites have been prepared using a simple melt extrusion technique. Four different types of OMLS have been used for the preparation of nanocomposites, three were modified with functionalized ammonium salts while fourth one was a phosphonium salt modified OMLS. The structure of the nanocomposites in the nanometer scale was characterized by using wide-angle X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic observations. Using four different types of layered silicates modified with four different types of surfactants, the effect of OMLS in nanocomposites was investigated by focusing on four major aspects: structural analysis, thermal properties and spherulite morphology, materials properties, and biodegradability. Finally, we draw conclusions about the structure/property relationship in the case of PLA/OMLS nanocomposites. q

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“…A comparação dos espectros no infravermelho do PVC-fv e PVC-fa permite verificar que na região entre 800 e 500 cm -1 , podem ser visualizadas vibrações características indicando que possivelmente ocorreram mudanças estruturais durante 330 dias de disposição no aterro sanitário. Os defeitos estruturais, resultantes da polimerização podem induzir instabilidade térmica durante a utilização do PVC, porque a desidrocloração térmica do PVC frequentemente inicia com cloro alílico interno e terciário e nas cadeias principais [48,49] . A comparação dos espectros do PVC-f antes e após a disposição no aterro sanitário, permitiu verificar no PVC-fv vibrações características correspondentes ao estiramento C-Cl (cadeia isotática, 690 cm -1 ) e ao estiramento C-Cl (cadeia sindiotática, 629 e 615 cm -1 ) não sendo verificadas no PVC-fa evidenciando a ocorrência de mudanças estruturais nas amostras após 330 dias de disposição no aterro sanitário [19,50] .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Degradação biológica do PVC em aterro sanitário e avaliação microbiológica

Grisa¹,

Simioni²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2011

Polímeros

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Resumo: O poli(cloreto de vinila) (PVC) é um dos polímeros utilizado no campo das embalagens e no setor calçadista, e, em função da sua aplicação diversificada, apresenta elevados percentuais em aterros domésticos e industriais. É um polímero amorfo podendo apresentar diferentes teores de plastificante e outros aditivos responsáveis pela sua estabilização, os quais podem influenciar no tempo de vida útil e nas propriedades do produto final. Este trabalho apresenta o estudo da degradação química e biológica de filmes de poli(cloreto de vinila) flexível (PVC-f), no aterro sanitário São Giácomo, na cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS, antes e após 330 dias de disposição. As amostras de PVC-f antes e após a disposição no aterro sanitário foram avaliadas por análise térmica (TGA), estrutural (FT-IR) e morfológica (MEV e MO). Observou-se que as amostras de PVC-f dispostas no aterro sanitário (PVC-fa), apresentam um único evento de perda de massa, em relação ao PVC-f não degradado ou virgem (PVC-fv), além de um maior % de perda de massa e de mudanças estruturais. Nas amostras de PVC-fa foram observadas modificações morfológicas importantes para descrever os fenômenos de degradação como erosão da superfície, bioerosão, que propiciaram a ação das leveduras, bactérias e fungos presentes no meio no polímero aterrado. Palavras-chave: Degradação, PVC, aterro sanitário, microrganismos, técnicas microscópicas. Biological Degradation of PVC in Landfill and Microbiological EvaluationAbstract: The poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the polymers used in the field of packing materials and footwear sector, and due its diversified applications, it has presented in a high percentage of domestic and industrial landfills It is an amorphous polymer and may present different levels of plasticizer and other additives responsible for its stabilization, which can influence the lifetime and the properties of the final product. This work presents the study of the chemical and biological degradation of poly (vinyl chloride) flexible (PVC-f) films, at São Giácomo landfill, in Caxias do Sul city after 330 days of disposition. The samples of PVC-f were evaluated by thermal (TGA), structural (FT-IR) and morphological (MEV and MO) analysis after disposition. Samples of PVC-f disposed to landfill (PVC-fa) showed a single event of weight loss, when compared to PVC-f undegraded or virgin (PVC-fv), besides a higher weight loss and structural changes. In the PVC-fa samples, morphological modifications were observed, which are very important to describe the degradation phenomenon as superficial erosion and bioerosion, which propitiated the action of the yeast, bacteria and fungi present in the environment on the disposed polymer. Keywords: Degradation/biodegradation, PVC, landfill, microorganism, microscopy techniques. IntroduçãoSegundo Chiellini e Solaro [1] , os materiais poliméricos apresentam baixo custo e propriedades características, tais como leveza e praticidade, o que leva a maioria dos usuários, descartá-los sem controle ou inadequadamente, ameaçando ...

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Structure−Property Relationship in Biodegradable Poly(butylene succinate)/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

Cited by 600 publications

References 32 publications

Trans crystallization behavior and strong reinforcement effect of cellulose nanocrystals on reinforced poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

Trans crystallization behavior and strong reinforcement effect of cellulose nanocrystals on reinforced poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

New polylactide/layered silicate nanocomposites. 5. Designing of materials with desired properties

Degradação biológica do PVC em aterro sanitário e avaliação microbiológica

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