Structure-rheology elucidation of human blood via SPP framework and TEVP modeling

Changes in the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Human Blood with Sustained Prophylactic Use of Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)—A Rheological Study

“…Hemorheology is the study of the structure, flow and deformation of blood. Human blood is a complex non-Newtonian, fluid fully described as a thixo-elasto-visco-plastic (TEVP) fluid that contains red blood cells, leukocytes, platelets, and various proteins and dissolved solutes [14]- [19]. The thixotropic property of blood means that it has an evolving microstructure that is attributed to rouleaux-the stacking of red blood cells and time-dependent shear thinning properties [14] [18] [19].…”

“…Human blood is a complex non-Newtonian, fluid fully described as a thixo-elasto-visco-plastic (TEVP) fluid that contains red blood cells, leukocytes, platelets, and various proteins and dissolved solutes [14]- [19]. The thixotropic property of blood means that it has an evolving microstructure that is attributed to rouleaux-the stacking of red blood cells and time-dependent shear thinning properties [14] [18] [19]. The elastic (solid-like: attributed to evolving and stretching rouleaux) and viscous (liquid-like: resistance) properties of blood also allow it to store and dissipate energy (in a nonlinear manner) and undergo deformation and return to its pre-deformed state [15] [17] [18].…”

“…The plastic property of blood means that it also has the ability to undergo permanent change in its microstructure after deformation, especially as the blood ages [17] [18]. This TEVP nature of blood is important in order to understand how the flow of blood throughout the human body is variant and dynamic [14]. That is, the physical and mechanical properties of blood and rheological parameters are related to the physiological properties.…”

“…For instance, cholesterol and triglyceride content have been shown to affect the rheological parameters of blood [14] [16] [20]. Earlier research related blood viscosity with shear rate, hematocrit levels, and the diameter of the blood vessel in which it flows [14] [21] [22].…”

“…For instance, cholesterol and triglyceride content have been shown to affect the rheological parameters of blood [14] [16] [20]. Earlier research related blood viscosity with shear rate, hematocrit levels, and the diameter of the blood vessel in which it flows [14] [21] [22]. There is a direct correlation between the hematocrit level (ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the volume of total blood) and the viscosity of the blood [23] due to the formation of rouleaux structures [24].…”