Structures and Composition of the Crab Carapace: An Archetypal Material in Biomimetic Mechanical Design

Alam, Parvez

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92486-1_25

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Helicoidal composite structures in nature [1][2][3] are fundamentally asymmetrical [4][5][6] and are known to have exceptional tolerance to impact damage [4]. They are essentially, stacked laminates of aligned fibres with individual adjacent laminates rotated by an angle relative to their neighbouring through-thickness laminates, producing a twisted (Bouligand) architecture with multifunctional purposes including e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic properties of bioinspired asymmetric helicoidal CFRP composites

2022

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A dynamic mechanical thermal analyser (DMTA) was used to develop insight into the dynamic mechanical properties of bioinspired asymmetric helicoidal carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites as a function of fibre architecture using inter-ply stacking angles of 0° (UD), 0/90° (cross-ply), 5°, 15°, 10°, 20°, 25° and 30°. Here, we show that the dynamic mechanical properties of asymmetric helicoidal CFRP composites are linearly correlated to their oriented ply fractions between 0° and 45° off the loading axis. We furthermore provide evidence from the tan-δ curves that asymmetric helicoidal CFRP composites are heterogeneous materials with separate viscoelastic phases and glass transition temperatures, resulting from the stacking architectures of these composites. Inter-ply stacking angles are finally noted as critical factors affecting the extent of macromolecular mobility within helicoidally stacked continuous fibre CFRP composites. Graphical abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic properties of bioinspired asymmetric helicoidal CFRP composites

2022

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“…Several new lightweight, high-strength and high-toughness composite materials that have been developed over recent years have been inspired by natural structures such as are found in mantis shrimps, crab shells and lobsters [1][2][3]. Natural composites such as these are of interest to the engineering community as their internal architectures are effective in retarding through-thickness crack propagation [1,2] and variations in the fibre arrangements and stacking angles [4,5] are known to create variations in mechanical performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile behaviour of unaged and hygrothermally aged discontinuous Bouligand structured CFRP composites

Nwambu

Robert

Alam

2022

Oxford Open Materials Science

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The aim of this paper is to determine the effects of hygrothermal ageing on the tensile behaviour of asymmetric discontinuous helicoidally stacked (Bouligand structured) carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites. Eight different discontinuous Bouligand stacking sequences were manufactured using both major and minor pitch angles. The major pitch angles used were 90° and 120° while minor pitch angles at 5°, 10°, 15° and 25° were stacked from each of the major pitch angles. The composites were tested in tension as either dry unaged specimens or following hygrothermal ageing in seawater at the constant temperatures of 40◦C and 60◦C for over 2000 hrs. Both tensile modulus and tensile strength are found to be detrimentally affected by hygrothermal ageing, and the extent to which ageing affects these properties is shown to be a function of the inter-ply pitch angle. All discontinuous Bouligand structured composites that were hygrothermally aged at the higher temperature of 60 °C were less stiff and weaker than those aged at 40 °C and those that were unaged. This is a result of increased heat exacerbating the ingress of water and consequently damaging fibre-matrix interfaces and plasticising the matrix. The results showed that the minor pitch angles had clear effects on the strength and stiffness of the composites. Composites with 120° major pitch angles exhibited superior elastic modulus and strength values compared to composites with 90° major pitch angles. The Hashin damage model is shown to be accurate in predicting failure in discontinuous Bouligand structured CFRP composites, as evidenced by comparison to fracture paths observed after mechanical testing.

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“…There are various ways in which impact will affect the structural integrity of a composite. This will rely on various factors including; the materials (both fibre and matrix) making up the composite [103,104], the orientation and configuration of composite laminates [105], the number of laminates, the thickness of laminates [122], and the impacting material: its hardness, mass and velocity at the point of impact.…”

Section: Effect Of Pre-existing Damage On the Fatigue Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fatigue of carbon fibre reinforced plastics - A review

Alam

Mamalis

Robert

et al. 2019

Composites Part B: Engineering

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Engineering structures are often subjected to the conditions of cyclic-loading, which onsets material fatigue, detrimentally affecting the service-life and damage tolerance of components and joints. Carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) are high-strength, lowweight composites that are gaining ubiquity in place of metals and glass fibre reinforced plastics (GFRP) not only due to their outstanding strength-to-weight properties, but also because carbon fibres are relatively inert to environmental degradation and as such, show potential as corrosion resistant materials. The effects of cyclic loading on the fatigue of CFRP are detailed in several papers. As such, collating research on CFRP fatigue into a single document is a worthwhile exercise, as it will benefit the engineering-readership interested in designing fatigue resistant structures and components using CFRP. This review article aims to provide the most relevant and up-to-date information on the fatigue of CFRP. The review focuses in particular on defining fatigue and the mechanics of cyclically-loaded composites, elucidating the fatigue response and fatigue properties of CFRP in different forms, discussing the importance of environmental factors on the fatigue performance and service-life, and summarising the different approaches taken to modelling fatigue in CFRP.

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Structures and Composition of the Crab Carapace: An Archetypal Material in Biomimetic Mechanical Design

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Viscoelastic properties of bioinspired asymmetric helicoidal CFRP composites

Viscoelastic properties of bioinspired asymmetric helicoidal CFRP composites

Tensile behaviour of unaged and hygrothermally aged discontinuous Bouligand structured CFRP composites

The fatigue of carbon fibre reinforced plastics - A review

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