Structures and Functions of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs)

Lebrilla, Carlito B.; Vinjamuri, Anita

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821618-7.00023-7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Given that HMO only present in milk and cannot be obtained from natural sources, the in vivo biosynthesis of HMOs is critically important [ 15 ]. However, the mechanism of HMO biosynthesis in vivo is still largely unknown [ 16 ]. At present, it is known that HMOs are synthesized by extending lactose with other carbohydrates at the non-reducing ends in reactions catalyzed by glycosyltransferases in the mammary gland [ 3 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins, Vegetables and Metal Elements Are Positively Associated with Breast Milk Oligosaccharide Composition among Mothers in Tianjin, China

Mao

Liu

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Background: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a group of breast milk carbohydrates exerting pivotal benefits for breastfed infants. Whether maternal diet is associated with breastmilk HMO composition has not been well-characterized. Objectives: We investigated the associations between dietary nutrient intake and HMO concentrations in a general pregnant and postpartum population. Methods: A total of 383 breast milk samples and the corresponding food frequency questionnaires during 0–400 postpartum days from 277 mothers were collected. Six different HMOs were detected in mothers’ milk. The correlation between nutrients and HMOs were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Results: We found plant nutrients, vitamin A, vitamin C and vegetables as positive predictors of 3-fucosyllactose; vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 were positive predictors for 2′-fucosyllactose level and the sum of 2′-fucosyllactose and 3-fucosyllactose; tocopherol and metal elements were positive predictors for 3′-sialyllactose; and metal elements were positively associated with the sum of all the six HMOs; the milk and lactose intake was a positive predictor of lacto-N-tetraose levels and the sum of lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose. Conclusions: The results show that vegetables, vitamins and metal elements are dietary components positively associated with HMO concentrations.

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