Structuring interactive TV documents

Abstract

Interactive video technology is meant to support user-interaction with video in scene objects associated with navigation in video segments and access to text-based metadata. Interactive TV is one of the most important applications of this area, which has required the development of standards, techniques and tools, such as MPEG-4 and MPEG-7, to create, to describe, to deliver and to present interactive content.In this scenario, the structure and organization of documents containing multimedia metadata play an important role. However, the Interactive TV documents structuring and organization has not been properly explored during the development of advanced Interactive TV services.This work presents a model to structure and to organize documents describing Interactive TV programs and its related media objects, as well as the links between them. This model gives support to represent contextual information, and makes possible to use relevant metadata information in order to implement advanced services like object-based searches, inmovie (scenes, frames, in-frame regions) navigation, and personalization. To demonstrate the functionalities of our model, we have developed an application which uses an Interactive TV program's documents descriptions to present information about in-frame video objects.

Document engineering approaches toward scalable and structured multimedia, web and printable documents

“…Work related to authoring and to the automatic generation of documents explores several approaches, including transformations [24,25], structure [5,6,13] and layout [20], authoring [9,25,35] and browsing [8], and annotations [4,14].…”

“…Moreover, their basic claim is that content transformation activities should be provided as non-destructive operations. The authors argue that these requirements are supported in the literature in terms of contextual information [25], Interactive Television documents [5,13], end-user enrichments of multimedia content [4,14], and broadcaster enrichment of television programs [9]. At DocEng 2008, once again the Document Engineering community has shown itself to be broad and diverse, spanning interests from high-level to low-level document modeling, generation, transformation and production [32].…”

An MPEG-7 scheme for semantic content modelling and filtering of digital video

“…Goularte et al (2003) consider Interactive-TV documents and propose a high-level wrapper with contextual descriptions support to structure and organise MPEG-7 descriptions. The wrapper consists of a context namespace, a MediaObject schema, and an <XLinkObject> element to describe the link between objects, establish relationships between the objects, and to establish links between media objects and programmes.…”

Context-aware support in structured documents for interactive-TV

“…We have proposed the MediaObject model to structure documents describing I-TV programs and their media objects [20]; its main features are: (a) separation of descriptions among program and media objects, (b) support to context information, (c) capability of linking descriptions between objects and programs, (d) description of in-frame objects and (e) a flexible structure for compositional media descriptions. Among other benefits, these features ease advanced content searches and reuse of objects.…”