“…The learning atmosphere and its influence are interdependent from time to time on student learning experiences (Closs et al, 2022;Mulyadi, 2018). It is the reason why lecturers are responsible for designing interesting, critical, and innovative learning for their students to promote more meaningful learning by thinking about what and how they do it, including using conceptual and procedural knowledge to achieve learning objectives (Kragten et al, 2015;Melovitz-Vasan et al, 2018;Sriklaub & Wongwanich, 2014). Student learning activities can be assessed from their enthusiasm for attending lectures, student interaction with lecturers, student interaction with students, group collaboration, student activity in groups, and student participation in concluding learning outcomes as well as psychological motivation, peer collaboration, cognitive problem solving, interaction with instructors, community support, and learning management (Khasanah & Fitriyani, 2016;Lee et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2023).…”