Student Perceptions of the Pharmacist’s Approach Across the Varying Levels of Medication Therapy Management Services

Abstract

Objective. To explore third-year pharmacy (P3) student perceptions of medication therapy management (MTM) after an introduction to the various levels of MTM services within an MTM course. Methods. A qualitative survey was conducted of 158 P3 students. Open-ended questions were used to explore students' thoughts, feelings, and perceptions related to the pharmacist's approach in MTM following a lecture establishing differences in roles and responsibilities between the varying levels of MTM. Emphasis was placed on the pharmacist's role when providing comprehensive medication management (CMM). CMM is a higher-level direct patient care service with a whole-patient focus that goes beyond medication or disease specific focuses of either a comprehensive medication review (CMR) or targeted medication review (TMR). Thematic analysis was performed and an inductive approach to data analysis was used. Results. The following five themes were identified: misperceptions entering the course, efficient delivery of MTM depends on understanding the differences between services, doctor of pharmacy education is a factor in confused MTM role expectations, role limitations exist and referrals to other providers, and the CMR meets unmet needs. Conclusion. Students noted initial confusion between their roles and responsibilities during a CMM versus a CMR. Pharmacy educators should address the varying roles and responsibility differences across MTM services within their curriculum.

Targeting adaptability to improve Medication Therapy Management (MTM) implementation in community pharmacy

“…However, since that time, payors, legislators, academics, professional organizations, and practitioners have added complexity to the concept of MTM. Such ambiguity surrounding MTM terminology [17–19] and continued debate surrounding what constitutes MTM [18–20] may be directly and negatively impacting MTM implementation and setting-specific adaptation. In an attempt to alleviate this issue, the pharmacy profession established Core Elements for MTM services: medication therapy review (MTR), personalized medication record (PMR), medication action plan (MAP), intervention and/or referral, and documentation and follow-up [12].…”

Developing Medication Therapy Management Training for Community Health Professionals Serving Low-Income Patients

“…Researchers believe this inconsistent MTM implementation stems from inconsistent definitions of MTM, lack of clarity regarding the core components of MTM, and lack of implementation support to assist pharmacists with adapting MTM. 10,11 Previous research has shown that recommendations from a health professional increase the likelihood that patients will comply with recommended medication protocols. 8,12 Because patients interact more frequently with community health professionals, they are able to play a significant role in ensuring that these patients receive effective medication therapy so that they can successfully manage their diabetes and hypertension.…”