Studies and research on the tribological behavior of the braking systems of vehicles. Review

Abstract

Given the current context and the advanced stage of technology, which the braking systems of vehicles have reached, the main purpose of the studies and research is focused on presenting the main tribological aspects that contribute at improving the performance of braking systems, in order to ensure the vehicles’ safety and stability at braking, in any conditions. The performance of the braking system is a key factor for both producers and vehicle passengers, due to safety requirements, everincreasing. Thus, over time, numerous studies and research have been carried on in order to improve the performance of the braking system. In this paper are studied tribological phenomena through those, which contribute to the improvement of the braking system as performance, safety and stability.

Tribological Behavior of Friction Materials of a Disk-Brake Pad Braking System Affected by Structural Changes—A Review

“…It should be noted that the function of the friction material depends on the precise variation of the friction coefficient with temperature [13,22]. Thus, manufacturers of friction materials prefer their own temperature measurement methods, that not are comparable with the methods used by other manufacturers, obtaining contradictory results.…”

“…Figure 3 presents some classical ratios between the main components of the friction materials: metallic materials (including steel fibers), abrasives, lubricants, sulfides and graphite for the ceramic formulas, non-ferrous metals, semi-metallic and low alloy steel. The abrasives in the composition of the ceramic materials are only weak abrasives (zirconium silicate), while in the composition of the semi-metallic materials, abrasives are usually strong (alumina and less often corundum), because upon disk contact surfaces oxides are formed, which must be removed [22]. Figure 3 presents some classical ratios between the main components of the frict materials: metallic materials (including steel fibers), abrasives, lubricants, sulfides a graphite for the ceramic formulas, non-ferrous metals, semi-metallic and low alloy st The abrasives in the composition of the ceramic materials are only weak abrasi (zirconium silicate), while in the composition of the semi-metallic materials, abrasives usually strong (alumina and less often corundum), because upon disk contact surfa oxides are formed, which must be removed [22].…”

“…The abrasives in the composition of the ceramic materials are only weak abrasives (zirconium silicate), while in the composition of the semi-metallic materials, abrasives are usually strong (alumina and less often corundum), because upon disk contact surfaces oxides are formed, which must be removed [22]. Figure 3 presents some classical ratios between the main components of the frict materials: metallic materials (including steel fibers), abrasives, lubricants, sulfides a graphite for the ceramic formulas, non-ferrous metals, semi-metallic and low alloy st The abrasives in the composition of the ceramic materials are only weak abrasi (zirconium silicate), while in the composition of the semi-metallic materials, abrasives usually strong (alumina and less often corundum), because upon disk contact surfa oxides are formed, which must be removed [22]. In the last decade, carbon-ceramic materials, mainly carbon/carbon-silicon carb (C/C-SiC), were used as friction materials and their microstructure is shown in Figure 4 various stages of manufacture and with a density of 2000 kg/m 3 .…”

“…In the last decade, carbon-ceramic materials, mainly carbon/carbon-silicon carb (C/C-SiC), were used as friction materials and their microstructure is shown in Figure 4 various stages of manufacture and with a density of 2000 kg/m 3 . Carbon-ceramic br disks are frequently used for state-of-the-art machines, although they are much m expensive than other materials , but more accessible than carbon-carbon materials [22]. In the last decade, carbon-ceramic materials, mainly carbon/carbon-silicon carbide (C/C-SiC), were used as friction materials and their microstructure is shown in Figure 4 in various stages of manufacture and with a density of 2000 kg/m 3 .…”

“…In the last decade, carbon-ceramic materials, mainly carbon/carbon-silicon carbide (C/C-SiC), were used as friction materials and their microstructure is shown in Figure 4 in various stages of manufacture and with a density of 2000 kg/m 3 . Carbon-ceramic brake disks are frequently used for state-of-the-art machines, although they are much more expensive than other materials, but more accessible than carbon-carbon materials [22].…”