Studies Concerning a Possible Humoral Factor Produced by Working Muscles: Its Influence on Glucose Utilization

Dulin, W. E.; Clark, Jennifer J.; Lund, G. H.; Albert, H

doi:10.2337/diab.10.4.289

Cited by 30 publications

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“…Likewise, insulin could in some way be necessary for the generation of 'muscle activity factor'. Although the physiological role and indeed the very existence of 'muscle activity factor' have been challenged by investigators unable to find it in the blood of man (Sanders et al, 1964) and experimental animals (Helmreich & Cori, 1957;Dulin & Clark, 1961) during exercise, Havivi & Wertheimer (1964) and others (R-Candela & R-Candela, 1962;Fredrickson et al, 1969) have readily demonstrated it in the medium incubating diaphragm and skeletal muscle stimulated in vitro. In addition, Coutourier et al (1971) have noted a marked increase in non-suppressible insulin-like activity in the lymph draining a dog hindlimb during muscle contraction, but were unable to detect it in blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Interaction of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake

Berger

Hagg

Ruderman

1975

Biochemical Journal

206

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1. The interaction of insulin and isometric exercise on glucose uptake by skeletal muscle was studied in the isolated perfused rat hindquarter. 2. Insulin, 10 m-i.u./ml, added to the perfusate, increased glucose uptake more than 10-fold, from 0.3-0.5 to 5.2-5.4 mumol/min per 30g of muscle in hindquarters of fed and 48h-starved rats respectively. In contrast, it did not stimulate glucose uptake in hindquarters from rats in diabetic ketoacidosis. 3. In the absence of added insulin, isometric exercise, induced by sciatic-nerve stimulation, increased glucose uptake to 4 and 3.4 mumol/min per 30g of muscle in fed and starved rats respectively. It had a similar effect in rats with moderately severe diabetes, but it did not increase glucose uptake in rats with diabetic ketoacidosis or in hindquarters of fed rats that had been "washed out" with an insulin-free perfusate. Insulin, at concentrations which did not stimulate glucose uptake in resting muscle, restored the stimulatory effect of exercise in these situations. 4. The stimulation of glucose uptake by exercise was independent of blood flow and the degree of tissue hypoxia; also it could not be reproduced by perfusing resting muscle with a medium previously used in an exercise experiment. 5. At rest glucose was not detectable in muscle cell water of fed and starved rats even when perfused with insulin. In the presence of insulin, a small accumulation of glucose, 0.25 mM, was noted in the muscle of ketoacidotic diabetic rats, suggesting inhibition of glucose phosphorylation, as well as of transport. 6. During exercise, the calculated intracellular concentration of glucose in the contracting muscle increased to 1.1-1.6mM in the fed, starved and moderately diabetic groups. Insulin significantly increased the already high rates of glucose uptake by the hindquarters of these animals but it did not alter the elevated intracellular concentration of glucose. 7. In severely diabetic rats, exercise did not cause glucose to accumulate in the cell in the absence of insulin. In the presence of insulin, it increased glucose uptake to 6.1 mumol/min per 30g of muscle and intracellular glucose to 0.72 mM. 8. The data indicate that the stimulatory effect of exercise on glucose uptake requires the presence of insulin. They suggest that in the absence of insulin, glucose uptake is not enhanced by exercise owing to inhibition of glucose transport into the cell.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Interaction of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake

Berger

Hagg

Ruderman

1975

Biochemical Journal

206

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“…The explanation of the effects of physical exercise on plasma insulin concentration in obesity is not known, but some evidence pertinent to this question is available. A humeral factor enhancing glucose uptake in several tissues and which is released after exercise from contracting muscle tissue has been proposed by Goldstein [21], but has been questioned in other studies [22]. The role of other humeral factors with effects opposing that of insulin is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin secretion in obesity after exercise

1972

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9 by Springer-Verlag 1972 am Tage nach der Arbeitsbelastung lag innerhalb der Streuungsbreite yon normgewichtigen, nicht arbeitenden Kontrollen. Die Plasmatriglizeride waren nicht vermindert. Daraus wurde geschlossen, dal~ eine akute, untermaximale, lang dauernde Arbeit eine fiber mehrere Tage betr/~ehtliche Verminderung des Plasmainsulinspiegels bei hyperinsulin~mis chen, fibergewichtigen Patienten bewirkt.

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“…Opposed to the humoral hypothesis are the data of Helmreich and Cori, 22 and Sacks and Smith, 23 which showed that a resting gastrocnemius muscle did not exhibit an increased uptake of pentoses when other muscles of the legs were stimulated. Dulin and Clark 24 investigated this problem by more direct means, including determination of the arterial-venous (A-V) glucose differences across resting and working legs of eviscerate dogs. Their experiments showed that exercise increased A-V glucose differences across working muscles and supported only the thesis that the effect of work on utilization of glucose is local.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Blood Glucose Concentration in Intact and Pancreatectomized Dogs

1964

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Exercise studies were performed on six intact and seven pancreatectomized, unanesthetized dogs to examine the conditions under which exercise decreases the concentration of glucose in blood.No major change in blood glucose concentration was demonstrated during exercise experiments on normoglycemic intact dogs. In the pancreatectomized dogs, the blood glucose concentration curves during exercise followed either one of two patterns: Some rose with exercise and some fell. In dogs with baseline blood glucose concentrations less than 400 mg. per 100 ml., a sustained decline in blood glucose occurred with exercise, while in those dogs with an initial level greater than 400, a rise occurred.No effect of exercise was evident in a pancreatectomized dog with blood glucose concentration near the normal range during continuous infusion of insulin. Exercise produced a decrease in blood glucose concentration in an intact dog with hyperglycemia induced by glucose infusion, but this dog's blood glucose level increased during rest periods following exercise.

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Studies Concerning a Possible Humoral Factor Produced by Working Muscles: Its Influence on Glucose Utilization

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Interaction of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake

Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Interaction of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake

Insulin secretion in obesity after exercise

Exercise and Blood Glucose Concentration in Intact and Pancreatectomized Dogs

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