Studies in Festuca. X. Observations on Germination and Seedling Cold Tolerance in Diploid Festuca pratensis and Tetraploid F. pratensis var. Apennina in Relation to Their Altitudinal Distribution

Tyler, B. F.; Borrill, Martin; Chorlton, K. H.

doi:10.2307/2402932

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Differences between cytotypes in habitat requirements have often been demonstrated in experimental conditions and in the field (e.g. Tyler et al, 1978 ;Rothera & Davy, 1986 ;Blaise et al, 1991 ;Felber-Girard et al, 1996 ;but see Van Dijk et al, 1992 ;Van Dijk & Bakx-Schotman, 1997). In this study there was little evidence for habitat differentiation between diploids and tetraploids, apart from altitude.…”

Section: Ecogeographic Distribution Of Cytotypesmentioning

confidence: 47%

Ecological, morphological and allozymic differentiation between diploid and tetraploid knapweeds (Centaurea jacea) from a contact zone in the Belgian Ardennes

et al. 2000

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In the northeastern part of Belgium, the Centaurea jacea complex shows extensive morphological variation and is represented by a diploid (2n l 22) and a tetraploid (2n l 44) cytotype. Polysomic inheritance of allozyme markers in the tetraploids, suggesting autopolyploidy, is here demonstrated for the first time. In order to test whether the two cytotypes occupy distinct habitats and possess different gene pools, patterns of allozymic and morphological variation were investigated in relation to ploidy level and site characteristics in 26 populations from the Belgian Ardennes. The two cytotypes showed a parapatric distribution, the diploids occurring at higher elevations (mostly above 500 m) than the tetraploids (mostly below 500 m). Three mixed populations were found near the contact zone of the two cytotypes. Within the mixed populations no triploid plant and no evidence for gene flow between cytotypes were found, despite widely overlapping flowering periods. The two cytotypes can be distinguished on the basis of morphological traits and enzymatic gene pools. The congruence of morphological and allozymic variation with chromosome numbers suggests a secondary contact between the two cytotypes with limited gene flow between them. The origin and persistence of the parapatric distribution are discussed.

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Section: Ecogeographic Distribution Of Cytotypesmentioning

confidence: 47%

Ecological, morphological and allozymic differentiation between diploid and tetraploid knapweeds (Centaurea jacea) from a contact zone in the Belgian Ardennes

et al. 2000

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“…However, the cytology of Festlica species occurring in Europe has been extensively studied (Borrill et al 1976;Borrill et al 1977Borrill et al , 1980Chandrasekharan et al 1972;Tyler et al 1978). Malik and Thomas (1966).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taxonomic value of using epidermal characteristics in the Canadian rough fescue complex (Festuca altaica, F. campestris, F. hallii, "F. scabrella")

Aiken¹,

Lefkovitch²

1984

Can. J. Bot.

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Epidermal peels were made from specimens chosen from a wide range of different locations selecting 10 collections of each of the three species recognized by J. Looman and K. F. Best as being in the Canadian rough fescue complex. Cell measurements and observations on wall shape were made on cells from the intercostal zones. The results of this study are consistent with the suggestion that there are three taxa in the rough fescue complex. The mean values for cell length and wall shape showed that, statistically, the taxa differ significantly from each other; in a single specimen the characters showed a wide range of variation and none could be used reliably to confirm identification.

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“…The thermal time approach used to calculate optimal temperatures for germination in this work contrasts Temperature (°C) with that used by other authors, who defined optimal temperature on the basis of maximum germination (Tyler et al 1978;Popay 1981;Williams 1983;Young et al 2003). Their approach would have been inappropriate for T. arvense and T. striatum, as there were no significant differences in final germination over a wide range of temperatures tested, and thus defining an optimum temperature is impractical ( Table 2).…”

Section: Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal time requirements for germination, emergence and seedling development of adventive legume and grass species

Lonati¹,

Moot

Aceto

et al. 2009

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Thermal time (Tt, °C days) was used to quantify germination, emergence and leaf appearance of temperate grassland species from natural and commercial seed populations. Germination requirements of six clovers (Trifolium arvensis, T. dubium, T. glomeratum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. repens) were determined from constant temperatures from 5 to 35°C. The base temperatures (T b ) were all less than 2.5°C, except for B. erectus (5.8°C). The four grasses had slower rates of germination and a wider tolerance of high temperatures than the clovers. All five annual clovers had a lower thermal time requirement for emergence and seedling development than the perennial T. repens. For four of the species used, the internationally recommended seed testing procedures that requires prechilling was found to be unnecessary and for two others the currently recommended optimum temperatures are higher than the optimum found. The thermal time approach has provided a robust summary of large datasets generated from controlled and field conditions. These easily transferable coefficients can be used to quantify seed and seedling responses to temperature for individual species and should form the basis for redefining seed testing regimes.

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Studies in Festuca. X. Observations on Germination and Seedling Cold Tolerance in Diploid Festuca pratensis and Tetraploid F. pratensis var. Apennina in Relation to Their Altitudinal Distribution

Cited by 43 publications

References 4 publications

Ecological, morphological and allozymic differentiation between diploid and tetraploid knapweeds (Centaurea jacea) from a contact zone in the Belgian Ardennes

Ecological, morphological and allozymic differentiation between diploid and tetraploid knapweeds (Centaurea jacea) from a contact zone in the Belgian Ardennes

The taxonomic value of using epidermal characteristics in the Canadian rough fescue complex (Festuca altaica, F. campestris, F. hallii, "F. scabrella")

Thermal time requirements for germination, emergence and seedling development of adventive legume and grass species

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