Studies in Iodine Metabolism by the Use of a New Radioactive Isotope of Iodine

Hamilton, Joseph G.; Soley, Mayo H.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1939.127.3.557

Cited by 161 publications

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“…The quantity of radioiodine collected by the thyroid has been determined directly by in vivo measurements (Hamilton, Sole-and co-workers [1][2][3][4]; Hertz and co-workers [5] ), and indirectly by estimations from the total quantity excreted in the urine over a fixed period (Hertz and coworkers [5]; Rawson and co-workers [6,7]). The distribution of iodine in the thyroid has been studied by autoradiograms (3) or by chemical analysis of excised tissue (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…in the urine); (2) a disappearance rate (which they inferred to represent the proportional rate of disappearance of radioiodine from the blood); (3) a r'enal excretiop rate (the proportional rate of excretion into the urine) ; and (4) a so-called collection rate (the proportional rate of disappearance into other sites than the kidneys, of which the most important is the thyroid). The most significant measure of thyroid activity was the collection rate, which was much less than normal in hypothyroid 1 An abridgment of a portion of the thesis submitted by Dr. McConahey to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Medicine. 2 Fellow in Medicine, Mayo Foundation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The present study was undertaken as an extension of the foregoing observations. Its objects were (1) to examine directly the behavior of radioiodine in blood after its oral administration to persons who had varying states of thyroid function; (2) to compare the disappearance rate of radioiodine in blood as determined directly from observations in the blood itself with estimates of this same value obtained from urinary studies in the manner previously described; and (3) to examine the appearance in the blood of organically bound radioiodine.…”

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The Behavior of Radioiodine in the Blood 1

McConahey¹,

Keating²,

Power³

1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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Radioiodine has been used to study the function of the human thyroid gland in various ways. The quantity of radioiodine collected by the thyroid has been determined directly by in vivo measurements (Hamilton, Sole-and co-workers [1][2][3][4]; Hertz and co-workers [5] ), and indirectly by estimations from the total quantity excreted in the urine over a fixed period (Hertz and coworkers [5]; Rawson and co-workers [6,7]). The distribution of iodine in the thyroid has been studied by autoradiograms (3) or by chemical analysis of excised tissue (5). Most recently the capacity of the thyroid to concentrate radioiodide has been studied by Stanley and Astwood (8) after previous administration of an antithyroid drug such as mercaptoimidazol.Keating, Power, Berkson, and Haines (9) have employed radioiodine to investigate the kinetics of iodine metabolism. They studied the urinary excretion of radioiodine by collecting all the urine in short periods for three days or longer. By plotting cumulative urinary excretion against time, they obtained an exponential curve from which were estimated four quantities: (1) a renal fraction (that part of the dose of radioiodine primarily excreted. in the urine); (2) a disappearance rate (which they inferred to represent the proportional rate of disappearance of radioiodine from the blood); (3) a r'enal excretiop rate (the proportional rate of excretion into the urine) ; and (4) a so-called collection rate (the proportional rate of disappearance into other sites than the kidneys, of which the most important is the thyroid). The most significant measure of thyroid activity was the collection rate, which was much less than normal in hypothyroid

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The Behavior of Radioiodine in the Blood 1

McConahey¹,

Keating²,

Power³

1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…For slightly larger doses (14 mgm. ), this percentage may fall somewhat (4). If the final amounts found in our own patients at the 14 mgm.…”

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“…However, the latter possibility is remote, as indicated by the low blood level, and by Hamilton and Soley's failure ever to observe more than a few per cent in the feces (4). Thus it appears that this iodine is distributed through tissues other than the thyroid and the blood.…”

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Radioactive Iodine as an Indicator in Thyroid Physiology. Iv. The Metabolism of Iodine in Graves' Disease 1

Hertz

Roberts²,

Salter³

1942

J. Clin. Invest.

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The use of radioactive iodine as an indicator in thyroid physiology has been described by Hertz, Roberts and Evans (1) and by Hertz, Roberts, Means and Evans (2, 3). Hamilton and Soley (4) have published data obtained by the use of radioactive iodine on goiter patients of several types.We have administered radioactive iodine The procedure for each uniodinized patient was as follows: The basal metabolic rate was determined after a preliminary period of bed rest. Labelled iodine was then administered by mouth, and urines were collected in 12 cases. The uptake of labelled iodine by the thyroid was measured for 13 patients at various times after administration of the labelled iodine by means of an externally placed Geiger-Muller counter. No further iodine was given until these external measurements indicated that the thyroid iodine level had reached a relatively constant value. At this time routine iodinization (minims 5 saturated solution of KI, twice daily) was begun. When maximal metabolic and clinical response had been reached 6 to 10 days later, 19 patients were subtotally thyroidectomized and an estimate of the residual thyroid tissue was made. A small portion of the excised gland was reserved for histologic study, and the remainder was fractionated chemically. The two fractions obtained, which we call "T" and "D" according to the notation of Salter (6), represent the thyroxine-like and diiodotyrosine-like fractions of the thyroid iodine. These fractions were assayed for both ordinary (total) iodine content and for labelled iodine.The labelled iodine excreted in the urine was determined for most patients during the first few days following the administration of labelled iodine. Labelled blood iodine was determined in a few cases.Cases 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, and 10 received ordinary iodine prior to the administration of the labelled dose. The interval of preiodinization given in Table I is the time between the first dose of ordinary iodine and the dose of labelled iodine. In only one of these cases, Case 10, was the patient totally iodinized by clinical standards before the administration of the labelled dose.Cases 16 and 28 were normal persons and were, of course, not operated upon. In addition, Cases 15, 17, and 22 were not operated upon for clinical reasons.The details of individual iodinization procedure are given in Table I. The first clinical experiments were designed to afford data on the thyroid uptake from a labelled dose of iodine at various degrees of iodinization 25

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Antithyroid Drugs, With Particular Reference to Thiouracil

Williams¹

1944

Arch Intern Med

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Studies in Iodine Metabolism by the Use of a New Radioactive Isotope of Iodine

Cited by 161 publications

References 0 publications

The Behavior of Radioiodine in the Blood 1

The Behavior of Radioiodine in the Blood 1

Radioactive Iodine as an Indicator in Thyroid Physiology. Iv. The Metabolism of Iodine in Graves' Disease 1

Antithyroid Drugs, With Particular Reference to Thiouracil

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