Studies in regard to the classification and putative toxicity of Fridericia japurensis (Arrabidaea japurensis) in Brazil

Lima, Emmanuela Ferreira de; Medeiros, Rosane M.T.; Cook, Daniel; Lee, Stephen T.; Kaehler, Miriam; Santos-Barbosa, Joyce M.; Riet-Correa, Franklin

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.03.001

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In Uruguay, the most frequent causes of sudden death in cattle, which must be differentiated from hypomagnesemia in beef cattle, include ruminal bloat (Moraes et al 1993, Rivero et al 2000, poisonings by plants containing hydrocyanic acid or nitrites and nitrates (Riet-Correa et al 2009, García y Santos & Capelli 2016), organophosphorus compounds or chlorinated insecticides, urea, ionophore antibiotics, electrocution by lightning or electric shock (Constable et al 2017), vitamin E and selenium deficiency (Rivero et al 1989, Rodríguez et al 2018 and some infectious diseases such as anthrax (Bacillus anthracis), blackleg (Clostridium chauvoei) (Matto et al 2009) and bacillary hemoglobinuria (Clostridium haemolyticum) (Navarro et al 2017). Plants containing fluoroacetic acid, which in other countries are the main cause of sudden death associated with exercise (Vasconcelos et al 2008, Riet-Correa et al 2009, Lee et al 2012, Lima et al 2016, Arruda et al 2017 have not been described in Uruguay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypomagnesemia in beef cattle

et al. 2021

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Hypomagnesemia is a major cause of death in grazing beef cows in countries of the Southern Hemisphere such as Argentina, Australia and New Zealand. Here we review the literature on hypomagnesemia in beef cattle and describe an outbreak in Uruguay. The disease occurred in late autumn, affecting 6 to 11-year-old Aberdeen Angus and Hereford x Aberdeen Angus lactating multiparous cows in good body condition, grazing on natural grasslands that had been improved by fertilization and sowing of seeds of ryegrass and oat. Approximately 40 out of 225 cows were affected and 24 (10.7%) died. A presumptive diagnosis of hypomagnesemia was established based on sudden death, acute neuromuscular clinical signs, epidemiological data, and the response to Mg administration. The diagnosis was confirmed by detecting low Mg concentrations in serum (0.47-0.57mmol/L), vitreous humor (0.47-0.80mmol/L), aqueous humor (0.66mmol/L) and cerebrospinal fluid (0.59mmol/L). The largest component of the diet corresponding to fast-growing and exuberant forages of ryegrass and oat had high concentrations of K (3.48%), N (4.38%) and P (0.94%), suggesting secondary hypomagnesemia. In addition, the K/(Ca+Mg) ratio was 2.38 in forages of ryegrass and oat (reference value: 2.2), and 0.15 in the soil (reference value: 0.09), which represent risk factors for hypomagnesemia. In conclusion, hypomagnesemia is an important cause of mortality in beef cattle grazing improved natural grasslands in Uruguay and it can be easily prevented by correct seasonal Mg supplementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypomagnesemia in beef cattle

et al. 2021

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“…Dentre as Bignoniaceae, são importantes as intoxicações por Tanaecium bilabiatum (anteriormente denominada Arrabidea bilabiata) e Fridericia elegans (anteriormente denominada Pseudocalymma elegans) (Lima et al 2016, Santos-Barbosa et al 2017. T. bilabiatum tem ampla ocorrência registrada no país e pode ser encontrada na floresta amazônica, caatinga, cerrado, mata atlântica, pampa e pantanal (Lohmann & Taylor 2014).…”

Section: Plantas Dos Gêneros Tanaecium E Fridericiaunclassified

“…Também se verificou que não existe MFA em F. japurensis, tanto em amostras coletadas em fazendas com casos confirmados de mortes súbitas, quanto em amostras de herbário. Na verdade, a planta responsável por surtos de mortes súbitas de bovinos no Estado de Roraima é também T. bilabiatum (Lima et al 2016).…”

Section: Plantas Dos Gêneros Tanaecium E Fridericiaunclassified

“…A concentração de MFA nas folhas de T. bilabiatum variou significantemente de acordo com os locais de coleta, sendo determinada entre 0,0001% e 0,039% (Lima et al 2016) e experimentalmente em coelhos, a menor dose que causou morte foi de 0,5g/kg com a brotação coletada na época da seca. Já com as folhas maduras, a menor dose que causou a morte dos coelhos foi de 4,0g/kg (Jabour et al 2006).…”

Section: Plantas Dos Gêneros Tanaecium E Fridericiaunclassified

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Plantas cardiotóxicas para ruminantes no Brasil

et al. 2018

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RESUMO: Esta revisão atualiza informações sobre plantas cardiotóxicas que afetam os ruminantes no Brasil. Atualmente, sabe-se que existem pelo menos 131 plantas tóxicas pertencentes a 79 gêneros. Vinte e cinco espécies afetam o funcionamento do coração. As plantas que contêm monofluoroacetato de sódio (Palicourea spp., Psychotria hoffmannseggiana, Amorimia spp., Niedenzuella spp., Tanaecium bilabiatum e Fridericia elegans) causam numerosos surtos de intoxicação, principalmente em bovinos, mas búfalos, ovinos e caprinos são ocasionalmente afetados. A intoxicação por Palicourea marcgravii continua a ser a mais importante devido à ampla distribuição desta planta no Brasil. Novas espécies do gênero Palicourea contendo monofluoracetato de sódio, como Palicourea amapaensis, Palicourea longiflora, Palicourea barraensis, Palicourea macarthurorum, Palicourea nigricans, Palicourea vacillans e Palicourea aff. juruana foram descritas na região amazônica. Na região nordeste, a planta tóxica mais importante para bovinos é Amorimia septentrionalis. No Centro-Oeste, surtos de intoxicação por Niedenzuella stannea foram relatados em bovinos na região do Araguaia e a doença precisa ser melhor investigada quanto à sua ocorrência e importância. Tetrapterys multiglandulosa e Tetrapterys acutifolia, duas plantas que causam fibrose cardíaca, também contêm monofluoracetato de sódio e foram reclassificadas para o gênero Niedenzuella. Essas duas espécies e Ateleia glazioveana, outra planta que causa fibrose cardíaca, continuam sendo importantes no Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Outras espécies menos importantes e que ocasionamente provocam surtos acidentais de intoxicação são as plantas que contém glicosídeos cardiotóxicos, tais como Nerium oleander e Kalanchoe blossfeldiana. Recentemente, várias metodologias experimentais foram empregadas para evitar intoxicações por plantas que contêm monofluoroacetato de sódio. Estas metodologias incluem a indução de aversão condicionada utilizando cloreto de lítio, a utilização de doses repetidas não tóxicas de folhas para induzir resistência, o uso de acetamida para prevenir as intoxicações e a inoculação intraruminal de bactérias degradantes de monofluoroacetato de sódio.

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“…Among these, the group of toxic plants that cause exercise-related sudden death is represented by 22 species belonging to three families: Rubiaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Bignoniaceae (Nascimento et al 2018). The presence of sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) as a toxic principle has already been confirmed in the following species: Palicourea marcgravii, Palicourea aeneofusca (Lee et al 2012) (Cook et al 2014, Carvalho et al 2016, Amorimia amazonica, Amorimia exotropica, Amorimia pubiflora, Amorimia rigida, Amorimia septentrionalis (Lee et al 2012), Niedenzuella stannea (Arruda et al 2017), and Tanaecium bilabiatum (formerly Arrabidaea bilabiata), misidentified as Fridericia japurensis (Arrabidaea japurensis) in the state of Roraima, Brazil (Lima et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for prevention and control of poisoning by sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants in ruminants

2019

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Monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants cause sudden death associated with exercise in ruminants, and are responsible for significant losses in Brazilian livestock, estimated at 500,000 bovine deaths annually. Most of the times, the control and treatment of this type of poisoning are not efficient, because disease evolution is superacute, usually causing the death of the animal. Due to the difficulty in controlling this intoxication, several studies have suggested alternatives to prevent it, mainly by making animals resistant to the MFA present in these plants or by avoiding their consumption. This literature review addresses the techniques used experimentally to control the poisoning of ruminants by plants containing MFA. The first studies carried out in Brazil demonstrated that goats and sheep that continuously receive non-toxic doses of plant containing MFA show greater resistance to poisoning than untreated animals, and that this resistance can be transmitted by ruminal fluid transfaunation, suggesting that poisoning occurs due to the presence of bacteria that hydrolyze MFA in the rumen. Based on this hypothesis, several MFA-hydrolyzing bacteria were isolated (Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus sp., Paenibacillus sp., Burkholderia sp., Cupriavidus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Ancylobacter sp., Ralstonia sp., Stenotrophomonas sp., Pigmentiphaga kullae, and Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus). When some of these bacteria were administered intraruminally, they provided the animal with a different level of protection against poisoning. However, it was observed that protection is gradually lost when the bacterium administration is interrupted. Consequently, to obtain more efficient protection, these bacteria should be administered continuously, probably in the form of probiotics. In another assay, MFA was administered to sheep at non-toxic doses to test the hypothesis that this substance could induce the multiplication of bacteria that hydrolyze it in the rumen. There was no increase in resistance to poisoning after administration of MFA; however, no signs of poisoning were observed when animals received trifluoroacetate and no clinical signs were verified when they were challenged with toxic doses of MFA; in contrast, all control animals presented clinical signs. These results suggest that trifluoroacetate induces the proliferation of MFA-degrading bacteria, and can be used in intoxication prophylaxis. The conditioned food aversion technique, using lithium chloride, has been successfully used experimentally to prevent ruminants from ingesting plants that contain MFA. Another alternative tested was the spraying of Amorimia septentrionalis with the endophytic bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae, which degrades MFA, resulting in decreased concentration of this compound in the plants. In conclusion, several experimental techniques have been proved efficient in the control and prophylaxis of MFA-containing plant poisoning; however, none of these techniques are available commercially. Further experiments, mainly in the field, should be carried out to adapt some of these techniques to the conditions of extensive breeding in the numerous areas where MFA-containing plants occur.

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Studies in regard to the classification and putative toxicity of Fridericia japurensis (Arrabidaea japurensis) in Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Hypomagnesemia in beef cattle

Hypomagnesemia in beef cattle

Plantas cardiotóxicas para ruminantes no Brasil

Techniques for prevention and control of poisoning by sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants in ruminants

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