Studies in the secretory glands of Hiptage sericea (Malpighiaceae)

Subramanian, R. B.; Arumugasamy, K; Inamdar, J. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1990.tb01753.x

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…According to Vogel (1990), the transformation of nectaries into elaiophores must have happened in response to the mutualism between flowers of species of Malpighiaceae and wild bees of tribe Centridini. Subramanian et al (1990) studying Hiptage sericea and Castro et al (2001) analyzing G. brasiliensis both reached the same conclusion and considered that these structures are homologous. In the same way, Durkee et al (1984) suggested that the EFNs of Passiflora foetida represent a transition to lipid-secreting glands.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Comparative anatomy of calyx and foliar glands of Banisteriopsis C. B. Rob. (Malpighiaceae)

Araújo

Meira

2016

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Banisteriopsis is considered one of the largest genera of Malpighiaceae with 58 species, of which 47 occur in Brazil. The typical calyx and leaf glands of Banisteriopsis are considered relevant to the adaptive success of Malpighiaceae. Comparative studies of anatomical and histochemical characteristics may reveal similarities and assist in the interpretation of the functions performed by such glands. The present study aimed to describe the anatomy of the calyx and leaf glands of 38 species of Banisteriopsis that occur in Brazil, and to analyze these structures histochemically in B. campestris, B. laevifolia and B malifolia, using standard methods. Calyx glands differ from leaf glands by possessing an irregular surface that is covered by a thick cuticle that is released from the epidermis by the accumulation of secretion; the glands are similar in all the other anatomical characteristics. Both types of glands produce secretions composed of a mixture of protein granules, lipids and polysaccharides. These findings reinforce the hypothesis that foliar glands have given rise to calyx glands in response to interactions with pollinators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Comparative anatomy of calyx and foliar glands of Banisteriopsis C. B. Rob. (Malpighiaceae)

Araújo

Meira

2016

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…In these species, the glands are smaller, intersepalics and seems to be related with extrafloral nectar secretion, the pollen being the only reward to the pollinators (Vogel 1974;1990a). Nevertheless, there is a report suggesting lipophilic secretions by the sepal glands of a paleotropical species, Hiptage sericea (Subramanian et al 1990).…”

Section: Malpighiaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Externally, the sepal glands are morphologically very similar among most species, being oval and sessile or short-stalked (see Vogel 1974;Subramanian et al 1990;Mamede 1993;Laskowski & Bautista 1999;Castro et al 2001;Possobom 2013;Possobom et al 2015;Araújo & Meira 2016). Long-stalked elaiophores occur only in Dinemagonum, Dinemandra, Heladena and Henleophytum species (Simpson 1989;Cocucci et al 1996).…”

Section: Malpighiaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Elaiophores: their taxonomic distribution, morphology and functions

Possobom

Machado

2017

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Elaiophores are fl oral glands that secrete non-volatile oils as a reward for their pollinators. Th eir secretions mediate a specialized interaction between oil-producing plants and a few species of oil-collecting bees -Apidae and Melittidae. Th e present review focuses on the morphological and functional aspects of these secretory structures. We also provide information on their chemistry and pollination ecology. Our survey is organized taxonomically among the plant families for which elaiophore occurrence has been confi rmed -for the monocots, Iridaceae and Orchidaceae, and for the eudicots, Calceolariaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Krameriaceae, Malpighiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Primulaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae and Stilbaceae. Most oil fl owers are zygomorphic, bisexual, nectarless and present their elaiophores on the protective whorls or on the androecium. Trichomal elaiophores are reported in all of these families except Krameriaceae and Malpighiaceae, and they vary in the density and morphology of the trichomes. Epithelial elaiophores occur in some monocot representatives and in Krameriaceae and Malpighiaceae, and are similar among species. An intermediate type of elaiophore is reported in some species of Orchidaceae. Regardless of elaiophore type, these glands have similar subcellular features and secretion-release mechanisms. Finally, we note the dearth of information on elaiophore ultrastructure and functioning for several plant families.

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“…The New World Malpighiaceae principally have bilaterally symmetrical flowers that are mainly pollinated by oil-collecting bees, whereas most African taxa are radially symmetrical. Such radially symmetrical flowers in African genera are thought to be an adaptation as a result of the rotating Subramanian et al (1990); this study movements used by certain insects on flowers, which makes the flag petal unnecessary for orientation by these visitors (Davis, 2002). In the Asian H. benghalensis, however, mirror-image flowers require pollinators entering via the space between the style and the pollinating stamen to transfer pollen successfully between left-and right-styled flowers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mirror-image flowers without buzz pollination in the Asian endemicHiptage benghalensis(Malpighiaceae)

2013

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Mirror‐image flowers represent a highly specialized pollination system that is normally associated with poricidal anthers and buzz pollination (pollen can be only released from anthers via pollinator vibration). In the Asian endemic Hiptage benghalensis (Malpighiaceae), mirror‐image flowers were found with longitudinally dehiscing anthers and such floral syndromes are firstly reported in the family. We investigated the floral biology and frequencies of left‐ and right‐styled flowers of H. benghalensis in Hainan Island, southern China. We conducted pollination manipulations to determine breeding systems and studied the pollination mechanism. We also examined the compositions of the secretions of the calyx gland. Controlled pollinations revealed that H. benghalensis is self‐compatible. Left‐ and right‐styled flowers are produced in the same inflorescence and a 1:1 ratio is found at both plant and population levels. Flowers have extremely reflexed petals, zygomorphic corollas and a single but oversized calyx gland. This gland secretes sugars and mainly attracts ants and wasps in both blooming and fruiting periods. Heteranthery is obvious with one large stamen producing more viable pollen than the nine small stamens. All anthers dehisce longitudinally and pollen grains readily adhere to floral visitors without the need of buzz pollination. The unusual association of mirror‐image flowers with longitudinal anthers probably reflects an adaptation to local pollen‐collecting (but non‐buzzing) honeybees such as Apis dorsata. These results indicate that floral syndromes and pollination adaptation in H. benghalensis differ completely from the New World Malpighiaceae and may help to explain evolutionary adaptations of the family during its long‐distance dispersals from the New World to Asia. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 173, 764–774.

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Studies in the secretory glands of Hiptage sericea (Malpighiaceae)

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Comparative anatomy of calyx and foliar glands of Banisteriopsis C. B. Rob. (Malpighiaceae)

Comparative anatomy of calyx and foliar glands of Banisteriopsis C. B. Rob. (Malpighiaceae)

Elaiophores: their taxonomic distribution, morphology and functions

Mirror-image flowers without buzz pollination in the Asian endemicHiptage benghalensis(Malpighiaceae)

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