Studies of aloe. III. Mechanism of cathartic effect. (2).

Abstract

The mechanism of action of aloe-emodin-9-anthrone, a decomposition product of barbaloin, in causing a significant increase in the water content of the rat large intestine, was investigated. Aloe-emodin-9-anthrone inhibited rat colonic Na+, K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in vitro, and increased the paracellular permeability across the rat colonic mucosa in vivo. Therefore, it seemed that the increase in water content of the rat large intestine produced by aloe-emodin-9-anthrone was due to both inhibition of absorption and stimulation of secretion without stimulation of peristalsis. Furthermore, pretreatment with loperamide, an antidiarrheal agent, completely prevented the increase of paracellular permeability induced by aloe-emodin-9-anthrone but did not completely reduce the concomitant increase in residual fluid volume. These findings suggest that aloe-emodin-9-anthrone has multiple mechanisms of action involved in the increase of water content in the rat large intestine.

Demonstration of Antidiarrheal and Antimotility Effects of Wood Creosote

“…Next, the other end of the silicone rubber tube w'as inserted, in the oral direction, 1 cm into the incised end of the ileum and sutured firmly as above. Thus, a loop of the entire small intestine, with its own mesenteric blood supply intact, was made, and its ends were connected by a piece of silicone rubber tube as described by Ishii et al [21], Special care was taken during this surgical operation to minimize bleeding and to monitor the magnitude and frequency of respiration as indicators of vital signs. Subsequently.…”

“…In the in situ intestinal loop experiment, which measures net absorption of intraluminal fluid in a defined region of the intestine [21], the amount of intestinal fluid decreased to 48 ± 18% (n = 6) of controls after administration of 53 mg/kg creosote (p < 0.001). demonstrating that creosote increases net absorption of the fluid from the intestine with this dose (fig.…”

Medicinal Applications and Toxicological Activities ofAloe. Products

“…The laxative effect is believed to take place through water accumulation in the intestine via active Naþ transport (Ishii et al, 1990) or by water secretion due to a prostaglandin-dependent mechanism (Capasso et al, 1983). The mechanism of the cathartic effect has been studied in a series of papers by Iishii et al (1981Iishii et al ( , 1988Iishii et al ( , 1990Iishii et al ( , 1994.…”

Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory activity of anthraquinone components from Aloe

“…11 The bioactive components of Aloe, called chromones from exhibit potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activities. 12,13 Anthraquinone derivatives have a cathartic effect and significant increased in the water content of the rat large intestine 14 and have strong antitumor activity against MCF-7 breast cancer and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. The unusual malic acid acylated carbohydrates have effects on cell proliferation and the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1).…”