Studies of Cooling Effects of Sprinkler Spray on Smoke Layer

Li, S.C.; Yang, D.; Huo, R.; Hu, L. H.; Li, Y.Z.; Li, K.Y.; Wang, H.B.

doi:10.3801/iafss.fss.9-861

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Once the smoke temperature drops, heat transfer becomes more difficult. The lowest temperature rise under sprinkler operation found in the literature 9,11,19,20 is slightly higher than 15% of the corresponding experiments without sprinkler operation. The PolyU case reveals the disadvantage of the current empirical equations where the amount of the convective heat in the smoke flow has been ignored, which might also affect the heat transfer process.…”

Section: Comparison Of Model Predictions and Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Four series of experiments available in the literature conducted by Ingason and Olssson 19 at SP, Li et al 20 at USTC, Chow and Tang 11 at PolyU, and Morgan and Baines 9 at BRE are used to assess the previously identified models. The SP experiments were conducted in a 15-m long, 7.5-m wide, and 6.0-m high tunnel constructed of 13 mm thick gypsum board.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further details of above experiments are not discussed here but can be found in the literature. 9,11,19,20…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of simplified calculation methods for determining heat transfer between a smoke flow and a sprinkler spray

Spearpoint

2011

Journal of Fire Sciences

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Empirical equations determining heat transfer between a smoke layer and a sprinkler spray have been assessed by using data from several experiments available in the literature. The comparison of the heat loss and temperature of the smoke layer under sprinkler spray shows that the equations developed by Williams for 15 mm pendent conventional sprinklers agree reasonably well with the experimental results. Equations from Spearpoint et al. (Spearpoint MJ, Williams C and Morgan HP. Engineering relationships for calculating the heat transfer from a horizontally-moving Buoyant smoke layer to a sprinkler spray, Fire Research Station, Borehamwood, Herts, UK, 1993 (unpublished)) perform fairly well compared to upright sprinkler experiments especially for a spray sprinkler case but need more validation due to the lack of experimental data. Predictions from the equation given by Heselden are close to the values for a pendent conventional sprinkler with a depth below ceiling less than 0.3 m but values are lower than those given by Williams (Williams C. The Downward Movement of Smoke due to a Sprinkler Spray,

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Section: Comparison Of Model Predictions and Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of simplified calculation methods for determining heat transfer between a smoke flow and a sprinkler spray

Spearpoint

2011

Journal of Fire Sciences

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“…Thus, for effective fire suppression, sprinkler spray design must be able to achieve a length of travel corresponding to the mean flame height of the source fire. 58 The mean flame height is defined as the elevation above the source of the fire on the central axis, where the flames appear 50% of the time. 43 A series of tests was carried out to investigate the influence of sprinkler actuation times in preventing flame spread for varied fire sizes in a tunnel fire test by Marke.…”

Section: Interaction Of Sprinkler Spray and Flamementioning

confidence: 99%

A review on fire suppression by fire sprinklers

Abdulrahman

Chetehouna

Cablé

et al. 2021

Journal of Fire Sciences

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Water spray remains the most effective, environment-friendly and economical way of fighting accidental or unwanted fires, and this is largely due to its thermal characteristics. The mechanism of fire suppression by sprinkler water sprays is influenced by numerous factors, which have been the focus of years’-long and on-going research studies to improve its extinguishing performances. A comprehensive review study was carried out in this study to assess the level of technological know-how and current state of research in the field. A total of 2473 published articles spanning 50 years (i.e. 1970–2020) were systematically collected and analysed, whereby more than 100 relevant articles were selected and integrated in the discussion. In particular, the review focuses on research relating to the interactions of sprinkler sprays with flame, fire plume and hot surfaces, aiming to provide a better understanding of the phenomena involved in fire suppression.

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“…The Nusselt number is defined by the ratio of convection heat transfer to conduction heat. The inner diameter of the spray droplets i is [ 23 ]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Cooling Performance of Water Spraying Systems during a Fire

Chen

Tseng

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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The water spray systems are effective protection systems in the confined or unconfined spaces to avoid the damage to building structures since the high temperature when fires occur. NFPA 15 and 502 have suggested respectively that the factories or vehicle tunnels install water spray systems to protect the machinery and structures. This study discussed the cooling effect of water spray systems in experimental and numerical analyses. The actual combustion of woods were compared with the numerical simulations. The results showed that although the flame continued, the cooling effects by water spraying process within 120 seconds were obvious. The results also indicated that the simulation results of the fifth version Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) overestimated the space temperature before water spraying in the case of the same water spray system.

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Studies of Cooling Effects of Sprinkler Spray on Smoke Layer

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of simplified calculation methods for determining heat transfer between a smoke flow and a sprinkler spray

Evaluation of simplified calculation methods for determining heat transfer between a smoke flow and a sprinkler spray

A review on fire suppression by fire sprinklers

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Cooling Performance of Water Spraying Systems during a Fire

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