Studies of Sheep Mosaic for Fleece Type I. Patterns and Origin of Mosaicism

Fraser, AS; Short, BF

doi:10.1071/bi9580200

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…The effect of the mesen chyme in determining the morphology of the epidermis is becoming well recognized [29], If the verrucous epidermal changes and linearity in the common form of naevus unius lateris arc to be explained as due to influences em anating from an altered strain of mesenchymal cells derived from one or a few somites, then, possibly a somewhat different type of change in a strain of somitic mesenchymal cells could operate in inhibiting migration of melanoblast precursor cells locally. If this analogy between systematized achromic naevi and naevus unius lateris is valid, it is not out of place to consider recent observations on fleece mosaicism [16], a disease comparable to naevus unius lateris and ichthyosis hystrix, occurring in sheep. These authors presented strong evidence to suggest that fleece mosaicism represented a m u tilation of a somatic cell which had occurred early in embryonic de velopment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Systematized Achromic Naevus

Coupe¹

1967

Dermatology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Systematized Achromic Naevus

Coupe¹

1967

Dermatology

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Population Dynamics of Body Cells

Burnet

1959

Ciba Foundation Symposium ‐ Significant Trends in Medical Research

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The somatic generation of immune recognition

Jerne¹

1971

Eur J Immunol

921

291

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Antibody specificity is determined by structural v-genes that code for the amino acid sequences of the variable regions of antibody polypeptide chains. The present hypothesis proposes that the germ-cells of an animal carry a set of v-genes determining the combining sites of antibodies directed against a complete set of a certain class of histocompatibility antcgens of the species to which this animal belongs. The evolutionary development of this set of v-genes in phylogeny is traced back to the requirements for cell to cell recognition in all metazoa. The hypothesis leads to a distinction between two populations of antigen-sensitive cells. One population consists of cells forming antibodies against foreign antigens; these lymphocytes have arisen as mutants in clones descending from lymphocytic stem cells which expressed v-genes belonging to the subset (subset S) coding for antibody against histocompatibility antigens that the individual happens to possess. The other population consists of allograft rejecting lymphocytes that express v-genes of the remaining subset (subset A) coding for antibody against histocompatibility antigens of the species that the individual does not possess. The primary lymphoid organs are viewed as mutant-breeding organs. In these organs (e. g. in the thymus), the proliferation of lymphocytes expressing the v-genes of subset S and the subsequent suppression of the cells of these "forbidden" clones, leads t o the selection of mutant cells expressing v-genes that have been modified by spontaneous random somatic mutation. This process generates self-tolerance as well as a diverse population of antigen-sensitive cells that reflects antibody diversity.The proliferation in the primary lymphoid organs of lymphocytes expressing v-genes of subset A generates the antigen-sensitive cell population that is responsible for allo-aggression.The theory explains how a functional immune system can develop through a selection pressure exerted by self-antigens, starting during a period in early ontogeny that precedes clonal selection by foreign antigens. The hypothesis provides explanations for the variability of the N-terminal regions of antibody polypeptide chains, for the dominant genetic control of specific immune responsiveness by histocompatibility alleles, for the relative preponderance of antigen-sensitive cells directed against allogeneic histocompatibility antigens, for antibody-idiotypes, for allelic exclusion, for the precommitment of any given antigen-sensitive lymphocyte to form antibodies of only one molecular species and for the cellular dynamics in the primary lymphoid tissues.

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Studies of Sheep Mosaic for Fleece Type I. Patterns and Origin of Mosaicism

Abstract: SummarySheep which are mosaic for fleece type are described with emphasis on the patterns of distribution of areas of the mutant fleece type over the body. Probable causes of the underlying mosaicism of skin tissues are discussed.

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Unilateral Systematized Achromic Naevus

Unilateral Systematized Achromic Naevus

Population Dynamics of Body Cells

The somatic generation of immune recognition

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