Studies of some basic aspects in easy care cotton finishing. Part VII. Urea oxalate as a catalyst for crosslinking

Hebeish, A.; Ibrahim, N. A.

doi:10.1002/actp.1982.010330611

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…The variation in the performance properties of the cured samples, as a function of curing technique, after treating with the same finishing formulation, could be associated with the differences in (1) extent of formation of cyclic anhydride intermediates, (2) extent of ester crosslinking of cotton cellulose, (3) extent of modification of the crosslinked structure, (4) number, length, and location of ester crosslinks, (5) hydrophilicity as well as electronegativity of the finished fabric, and (6) extent of finishing ingredients migration 31–33…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco‐friendly durable press finishing of cellulose‐containing fabrics

Ibrahim

Abo‐Shosha

El-Nagdy

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To impart easy-care properties to cellulose-containing fabrics along with avoiding any harmful effects of formaldehyde on both the health and the environment, attempts have been made to use citric acid (CA) as an ester crosslinking agent along with different catalytic systems in the absence and presence of certain additives. Further, fixation conditions, type of crosslinking agent, as well as type of substrate have been studied. Results revealed that the enhancement in carboxyl content, performance properties, and the decrease in tear strength (TS) as well as in whiteness indices (WI) of the finished fabric samples were increased by increasing CA concentration up to 80 g/L and by raising thermofixation temperature from 140 up to 180°C for 90 s. Inclusion of triethanolamine hydrochloride (TEA. HCl), decreased the carboxyl content, TS, color strength K/S, as well as oily stain release rating (SRR) of the finished fabric samples along with an increase in bound nitrogen (%N), wrinkle recovery angle WRA, and an improvement in WI without affecting the durable press rating (DP). Within the range examined (0-30 g/L), increasing PEG-600 concentration improved the wet resiliency, TS, as well as WI properties of the finished samples. Increasing DMDHEU ratio in the CA/DMDHEU crosslinking system gave rise to an increase in %N, WRA (dry and wet), DP, as well as in free CH 2 O of finished fabrics, along with a slight improvement in WI values. On the other hand, the TS, carboxyl content, K/S, SRR values of the finished fabric samples were lower at a higher DMDHEU ratio. Increase in carboxyl content, %N, WRA (dry and wet), DP and SRR, as well as extent of post dyeing (K/S) of the treated fabric samples upon using different ester crosslinking agents followed the descending order: citric acid Ͼ pyromellitic dianhydride. The opposite holds true for the TS, and WI values. Among the esterifying catalysts used, and for a given set of finishing conditions, NaH 2 PO 2 ⅐ H 2 O proved to be the most effective one, and the following order of effectiveness may be drawn: NaH 2 PO 2 ⅐ H 2 O Ͼ K 2 HPO 4 Ͼ Na 3 -citrate Ͼ Na 2 -tartrate. Inclusion of silicone softener in the finishing formulation brought about an improvement in softeness degree, WRA, %N, DP, TS as well as K/S values along with a decrease in carboxyl content, SRR, and WI values of the treated fabric samples, regardless of the used silicone softener.The performance properties of the finished fabric samples were determined by the type and nature of the substrate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco‐friendly durable press finishing of cellulose‐containing fabrics

Ibrahim

Abo‐Shosha

El-Nagdy

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Dependence of soiling and soil release of easy care cotton on factors‐controlling the finishing treatment

Ibrahim¹,

Hebeish²

1985

Angew. Makromol. Chem.

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The conventional pad-dry-cure method was used for effecting crosslinking of cotton with N-methylol finishing agents under different conditions. Factors studied include nature and concentration of finishing agent and softener, type and concentration of catalyst, and curing temperatures. Variation of soiling and soil release characteristics of crosslinked cotton with these factors were investigated. The effect of finishing agent on aqueous soiling followed the order:Carbamate reactant-fabric > DimethyMethylene urea-fabric > Dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea-fabric > Untreated fabric > Modified triazinone-fabric 2 Modified ethylene urea-fabric. On the other hand, the effect of these finishing agents was to enhance the susceptibility of the fabric to oily soiling. Nevertheless, nature of the finishing agent governed the magnitude of this enhancement. Aqueous and oily soil release depended also upon the nature of finishing agent, soiling increased and soil release decreased by increasing finishing agent concentration. Type of catalyst exerted a considerable influence on aqueous and oily soil release without significantly affecting the degree of soiling. For aqueous soil release, the following order was found:A reverse order held good for oily soil release. Both aqueous and oily soil release were impaired by increasing catalyst coficentration. Similarly, nature and concentration of the softener had no striking effect on soiling while they did on soil release. Raising the curing temperature froin 80 to 140 "C caused substantial reduction in case of soil removal of urea salts catalyzed-crosslinked cotton samples while having the degree of soiling practically intact. ZUS AMMENFASSUNG:Baumwoue wurde mit N-Methylol-finishing-Agens bei unterschiedlichen Bedingungen vernetzt. Die untersuchten Faktoren berucksichtigten die Natur und Konzentration des finishing-Agens und des Weichmachers, die Art und Konzentration des 0 1985 Hiithig& Wepf Verlag, Basel O003-3146/85/$03.00 111 N. A. Ibrahim and A. Hebeish Katalysators und die Hiirtungstemperatur. Die h d e r u n g der Abhangigkeit von den Verschmutzungs-und Schmutzlosungseigenschaften von vernetzter Baumwolle von diesen Faktoren wurde untersucht. Der EinfluR des finishing-Agens gegeniiber wassriger Verschmutzung folgte der Reihe:Carbamatmodifiziertes Gewebe > Dimethylolethylenharnstoff-Gewebe > Dimethyloldihydroxyethylenharnstoff-Gewebe > unbehandeltes Gewebe > modifiziertes Triazinon-Gewebe 2 modifiziertes Ethylenharnstoff-Gewebe.Der EinfluR dieser finishing-Agentien sollte andererseits die Empfindlichkeit des Gewebes gegen olige Verschmutzung erhohen. Diese Wirkung hangt von der Natur des finishing-Agens ab. Die wassrige und olige Schmutzablosung hangt ebenso von der Natur des finishing-Agens ab, wobei die Verschmutzung mit ansteigender Konzentration des Modifizierungsmittels zuund die Schmutzablosung abnimmt.Die Art des Katalysators ubt einen erheblichen EinfluR auf die wassrige und blige Schmutzablosung aus, ohne deutliche Wirkung auf den Verschmutzungsgrad. Fur wassrige Schm...

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Harnessing of non-fibrous textile for production of high performance easy-care cotton fabrics

Mostafa

Ameen

Morsy

et al. 2019

PRT

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Purpose This study aims to explore the incorporation of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) in cross-linking formulation of cotton fabrics to see their impact on fabric performance like tensile strength, dry wrinkle recovery angles, elongation at break, degree of whiteness and increase in weight as well as durability. Design/methodology/approach SNPs of size around 80-100 nm were successfully prepared from native maize starch by Nano precipitation technique and confirmed instrumentally by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmittance electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and particle size analyzer. The latter were incorporated in cross-linking formulation of cotton fabrics encompassing different concentrations of citric acid and sodium hypophosphite at different curing time and temperature in 100 ml distilled water to a wet pickup of ca. 85 per cent. The fabric samples were dried for 3 min at 85°C and cured at specified temperatures for a specified time intervals in thermo fixing oven according to pad-dry-cure method. Findings FTIR spectra and SEM micrograph signified the chemical structure and surface morphology of cotton fabric before and after finishing in absence and presence of SNPs. Cotton fabric samples finished in presence of SNPs showed a higher tensile strength, elongation at break, comparable dry wrinkle recovery angles and degree of whiteness than that finished in their absence. On the other hand, the enhancement in the aforementioned performance reflects the positive impact of incorporation of SNPs in textile finishing especially with strength properties; which are one of the important requirements for industrial fabrics that can be used widely in heavy-duty applications. Research limitations/implications SNPs with its booming effect with respect to biodegradability, reactivity and higher surface area can be used as a novel reinforcement permanent finish for cotton fabrics instead of more hazardous materials likes poly acrylate and monomeric compounds. Practical implications As SNPs biopolymers is one of the important reinforcement agents, so it was expected that it would minimize the great loss in strength properties during easy-care cotton finishing and improve the fabric performance. Originality/value The novelty addressed here is undertaken with a view to remediate some of the serious defects of easy-care cotton fabrics using poly carboxylic acids; especially with the great loss in strength properties by virtue of using SNPs as a permanent finish. Besides, to the authors’ knowledge, there is no published work so far concerning the use of SNPs as an innovative base for production of easy-care finished cotton textiles with high performance.

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Studies of some basic aspects in easy care cotton finishing. Part VII. Urea oxalate as a catalyst for crosslinking

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Eco‐friendly durable press finishing of cellulose‐containing fabrics

Eco‐friendly durable press finishing of cellulose‐containing fabrics

Dependence of soiling and soil release of easy care cotton on factors‐controlling the finishing treatment

Harnessing of non-fibrous textile for production of high performance easy-care cotton fabrics

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