Studies Of The Effects Of Pregnancy Serum On Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Functions

Persellin, Robert H.; Leibfarth, June K.

doi:10.1002/art.1780210305

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies have supported the fact that the incidence of bacterial and viral infections is higher among pregnant women (Persellin and Thoi, 1979;Jamieson et al, 12 2006 In addition, sera from pregnant women have been demonstrated to inhibit bacterial killing and phagocytosis by control granulocytes (Persellin and Leibfracth, 1978 To show that the depression of O 2 .-production was mediated by the healthy pregnant plasma, granulocytes from normal pregnant women were incubated with plasma from nonpregnant and preeclamptic women. The results of these experiments demonstrated that the decreased ROS generation by healthy pregnant granulocytes could be increased by treatment of the cells with non-pregnant and preeclamptic plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulocyte superoxide anion production and regulation by plasma factors in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy

Lampé

Szűcs

Ádány

et al. 2011

Journal of Reproductive Immunology

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Data on the respiratory burst activity of granulocytes from healthy and preeclamptic women have remained contradictory. To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species in the etiology of preeclampsia we measured superoxide anion generation by granulocytes from nonpregnant, healthy, and preeclamptic women. We also examined the reciprocal effects of heatinactivated and non-inactivated plasma on superoxide production. Superoxide generation was measured by ferricytochrome-c reduction. Superoxide production induced by either phorbol-12.13-dibutirate or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was significantly decreased in granulocytes from normal pregnant women compared with non-pregnant and preeclamptic women. The phorbol-12.13-dibutirate-induced superoxide generation by granulocytes from non-pregnant and preeclamptic women was significantly inhibited by plasma from healthy pregnant women. The N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated superoxide production by granulocytes from non-pregnant and preeclamptic women was suppressed only by non-inactivated plasma, not heat-inactivated plasma from healthy pregnant women. Plasma from preeclamptic women did not influence the phorbol-12.13-dibutirate-and N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced superoxide production by control granulocytes. The phorbol-12.13-dibutirate-induced superoxide generation by granulocytes from healthy pregnant women was significantly increased by the effect of plasma from non-pregnant and preeclamptic women, but when stimulating with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine only non-inactivated plasma caused the same enhancement. These data indicate that reduced superoxide generation in normal pregnancy may be caused by maternal immunosuppressive factors present in plasma. The failure to reduce superoxide production in preeclampsia may be partly responsible for the endothelial dysfunction characteristic of that condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulocyte superoxide anion production and regulation by plasma factors in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy

Lampé

Szűcs

Ádány

et al. 2011

Journal of Reproductive Immunology

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“…Pregnancy PMN have been shown to exhibit reduced chemotaxis (24), microbial killing (15), and adherence to nylon wool (5), while pregnancy serum has been demonstrated to suppress PMN phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus (34) and Escherichia coli (33). A number of factors produced by both the placenta and maternal tissues, including cortisol (32), progesterone, and pregnancy-associated ␣ 2 -glycoprotein (30), have been suggested to explain these effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies of functional differences during pregnancy have emphasized a reduction in PMN chemotaxis (24), adherence (5), and microbial killing (15). Pregnancy sera have been shown to suppress bacterial killing (34) and to diminish PMN phagocytosis (33) and enzyme release (20). Recently, we have reported a depression in PMN function in pregnancy characterized by a reduction in receptor-mediated respiratory burst activity (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

The significance of fatty acids in pregnancy-induced immunosuppression

Crocker¹,

Baker²,

Fletcher³

1998

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation

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Pregnancy can exert suppressive effects on chronic inflammatory conditions. We have previously demonstrated a depression in polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) respiratory burst during pregnancy which could explain this amelioration. To elucidate the biochemical mechanism, we have examined PMN phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) activity and its relationship to cellular and circulating fatty acids in pregnant women (30 to 34 weeks) and nonpregnant controls. PMN PLA 2 activity was determined by arachidonic acid (AA) and leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) release, respiratory burst activity was determined by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, and total serum and PMN fatty acid levels were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. AA release was significantly reduced for pregnancy PMNs in response to N-formyl-met-leu-phe (fMLP) under unprimed and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣)-or interleukin 8-primed conditions. Similarly, LTB 4 liberation was significantly reduced in response to fMLP and phorbol myristate acetate in unprimed and TNF-␣-primed pregnancy PMNs. All major fatty acid classes were altered in the pregnant state. Of these differences in PMNs, oleic acid and ␣-linolenic acid showed a significant increase (13 and 26%, respectively) and stearic acid and AA showed a significant decrease (8 and 30%, respectively). The stearic acid, oleic acid, and AA compositions of all cells analyzed correlated with their corresponding changes in serum fatty acid levels. Crossover serum incubations modified both fatty acid profiles and the PMN respiratory burst accordingly, while individual fatty acid incorporation studies highlighted the importance of polyunsaturated fatty acids for NADPH oxidase efficiency. These findings indicate that the attenuation of PMN function in pregnancy may originate from a reduction in the available pool of cellular fatty acids. Furthermore, this reduction arises as a direct result of a pregnancyinduced shift in circulating fatty acids from polyunsaturated to monounsaturated forms.For more than a century, clinical observations have highlighted the ameliorating effect of pregnancy on certain inflammatory disorders. Since the first detailed account of this phenomenon published by Hench in 1938 (21), the beneficial effect of pregnancy on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been continually reaffirmed. Most authors agree that the activity of RA is significantly altered during pregnancy, with approximately 70% of patients experiencing a substantial resolution of pain, swelling, and stiffness (for a review, see reference 39). This symptomatic relief becomes apparent from the first trimester and then progresses throughout gestation, often enabling patients to reduce or completely interrupt the use of medication (13). Unfortunately, this remission is short-lived; more than 90% of the improved patients will relapse within 8 to 9 months postpartum, and the majority will relapse within 6 weeks of delivery (31).A steadily increasing number of theories have been proposed to explain this dramatic gestational improvement in RA. The...

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“…Two lysosomal enzymes, ^-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase and one cytoplasmic enzyme, lactic dehydrogenase, were assayed to characterize the PMN subcellular fractions as previously de scribed [Persellin and Leibfarth, 1978], Protein concentrations were determined by the method of Lowry ct al. [1951], The data arc presented as the means + 1 SEM.…”

Section: Characterization Of Cell Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Cooperation in Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Chemotaxis: Augmentation by Neutrophil Cytoplasm

Takeuchi

Persellin

1981

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) responding to a chemotactic stimulus is influenced by the cell density. Evidence is presented that the cytoplasmic fraction of PMN augments the response of neutrophils to endotoxin-activated serum but the activator of chemotaxis (CACh) in cytosol is not chemotactic itself. This cytoplasmic neutrophil cytosol is not present in nuclear, microsomal or large granular fractions. Preliminary characterization studies suggest that CACh is nondialyzable, has a molecular weight of less than that of albumin, is heat stable (56°C for 30 min) but is destroyed by trypsin. Studies on intracellular concentrations of cAMP and cGMP following incubation of PMN with various subcellular fractions suggest that CACh causes the loss of intracellular cAMP, a finding which could account for its chemokinetic action. As expected, the lysosomal fraction of PMN was chemotactic and reduced the net negative surface charge of neutrophils. CACh, however, was neither chemotactic nor did it alter the charge density on PMN surfaces. These studies provide evidence for cellular cooperation in the initial phases of the chemotactic response. The clustering of PMN along endothelial surfaces could provide the necessary local cell density for this augmented response to take place.

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Studies Of The Effects Of Pregnancy Serum On Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Functions

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Granulocyte superoxide anion production and regulation by plasma factors in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy

Granulocyte superoxide anion production and regulation by plasma factors in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy

The significance of fatty acids in pregnancy-induced immunosuppression

Cellular Cooperation in Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Chemotaxis: Augmentation by Neutrophil Cytoplasm

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