Studies of the Grasping Responses of Early Infancy: I

Halverson, H. M.

doi:10.1080/08856559.1937.10532507

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, activity of an orthologous spinal microcircuit may be responsible for the grasp reflex in the human infant. Human foetuses develop a grasp reflex in the first trimester (Hooker, 1938) that persists in the post-natal period for 2-6 months (Halverson, 1937; Pollack, 1960). Reflexive grasping is not normally seen in adult humans, likely because higher systems regulate this microcircuit, which may also be involved in feed-forward control of hand function (see Rushworth and Denny-Brown, 1959).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuits for Grasping: Spinal dI3 Interneurons Mediate Cutaneous Control of Motor Behavior

Bui

Akay

Loubani

et al. 2013

Neuron

122

143

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SUMMARY Accurate motor performance depends on the integration in spinal microcircuits of sensory feedback information. Hand grasp is a skilled motor behavior known to require cutaneous sensory feedback, but spinal microcircuits that process and relay this feedback to the motor system have not been defined. We sought to define classes of spinal interneurons involved in the cutaneous control of hand grasp in mice, and show that dI3 interneurons, a class of dorsal spinal interneurons marked by expression of Isl1, convey input from low threshold cutaneous afferents to motoneurons. Mice in which the output of dI3 interneurons has been inactivated exhibit deficits in motor tasks that rely on cutaneous afferent input. Most strikingly, the ability to maintain grip strength in response to increasing load is lost following genetic silencing of dI3 interneuron output. Thus, spinal microcircuits that integrate cutaneous feedback crucial for paw grip rely on the intermediary role of dI3 interneurons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuits for Grasping: Spinal dI3 Interneurons Mediate Cutaneous Control of Motor Behavior

Bui

Akay

Loubani

et al. 2013

Neuron

122

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The response of the reflex comprises flexion of all fingers around the examiner's finger, which is composed of two phases: finger closure and clinging. The latter occurs as a reaction to the proprioceptive stimulation of the tendons of the finger muscles due to slight traction subsequent to the application of pressure to the palm [21, 22]. …”

Section: The Grasp Reflexmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Grasp Reflex and Moro Reflex in Infants: Hierarchy of Primitive Reflex Responses

Futagi

Toribe

Suzuki

2012

International Journal of Pediatrics

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The plantar grasp reflex is of great clinical significance, especially in terms of the detection of spasticity. The palmar grasp reflex also has diagnostic significance. This grasp reflex of the hands and feet is mediated by a spinal reflex mechanism, which appears to be under the regulatory control of nonprimary motor areas through the spinal interneurons. This reflex in human infants can be regarded as a rudiment of phylogenetic function. The absence of the Moro reflex during the neonatal period and early infancy is highly diagnostic, indicating a variety of compromised conditions. The center of the reflex is probably in the lower region of the pons to the medulla. The phylogenetic meaning of the reflex remains unclear. However, the hierarchical interrelation among these primitive reflexes seems to be essential for the arboreal life of monkey newborns, and the possible role of the Moro reflex in these newborns was discussed in relation to the interrelationship.

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“…According to Halverson (1937), infantile grasping is a 2-phase response, "i.e., closure which is the larger movement of flexion of the fingers toward the palm and gripping in which the fingers press firmly against the palm. .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between sucking and grasping in the human newborn: A precursor of hand‐mouth coordination?

Brown

Fredrickson

1977

Developmental Psychobiology

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The relationship between grasping and sucking, a possible precursor of hand-mouth coordination, was examined in human newborns of varying gestational ages. Grasping was elicited by rapidly tilting the infant backwards while he rested on a padded board and held a grasp bar. Infants were tilted 4 times under each of 3 conditions: grasping, sucking, and grasping-while-sucking. The dependent variables were strength and duration of grasp and frequency and amplitude of sucks during the 15 sec following the tilt. The results indicated that grasping did not affect sucking but that sucking increased the strength and the duration of the grasp. Furthermore, either response system was more highly correlated with indices of maturity of the central nervous system when elicited in the presence rather than the absence of the other. We conclude that in human newborns sucking may be dominant over grasping but that both are part of an integrated system which may form the basis for the development of hand-mouth coordination.

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Studies of the Grasping Responses of Early Infancy: I

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Circuits for Grasping: Spinal dI3 Interneurons Mediate Cutaneous Control of Motor Behavior

Circuits for Grasping: Spinal dI3 Interneurons Mediate Cutaneous Control of Motor Behavior

The Grasp Reflex and Moro Reflex in Infants: Hierarchy of Primitive Reflex Responses

The relationship between sucking and grasping in the human newborn: A precursor of hand‐mouth coordination?

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