Studies of the nutritive value of New Zealand dairy pastures

Hutton, J. B.; Jury, K. E.; Davies, E. B.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1967.10426366

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, the return of nutrients via the excreta of grazing animals is a critical pathway in the nutrient cycle of pastures (Wilkinson & Lowrey, 1973). The grazing cow returns to the sward about 79 % of the N, 66 % of the phosphorus and 92% of the potassium eaten (Hutton et al 1965(Hutton et al , 1967. The phosphorus in faeces although of little value in the short-term because of its low availability (Watkin, 1957;Brockman et al 1970) is effectively recycled at high stocking rates (McLachlan, 1968;During & Weeda, 1973).…”

Section: Potential Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk production from grazed temperate grassland

Leaver

1985

Journal of Dairy Research

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On improved pasture, the degree of reliance on grasses or legumes is mainly dependent on the price of N fertilizer. The supply of available N is a major factor affecting the yield of pasture plants. This supply is derived from the soil, from the excreta of animals, from legume plants and from fertilizer (Richards, 1975, 1977). Soil N contribution ranges from 0-250 kg/ha per annum with low values associated with light arable soils and high

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Section: Potential Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk production from grazed temperate grassland

Leaver

1985

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…The better response of cow urine as a nitrogen source could be attributed to the presence of many constituents including potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, trace metals, etc. [34]. To the best of authors' knowledge, cow urine has been attempted for the first time as a source of nitrogen for the sake of bacterial growth.…”

Section: Optimization Of Culture Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Growth Characteristics of Chromium(VI) and Pentachlorophenol Tolerant Bacterial Isolate from Treated Tannery Effluent for its Possible Use in Simultaneous Bioremediation

et al. 2011

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The bacterial strains resistant to pentachlorophenol (PCP) and hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] were isolated from treated tannery effluent of a common effluent treatment plant. Most of the physico-chemical parameters analyzed were above permissible limits. Thirty-eight and four bacterial isolates, respectively were found resistant to [50 lg/ml concentration of [Cr(VI)] and the same level of PCP. Out of the above 42 isolates, only one was found simultaneously tolerant to higher levels of both PCP (500 lg/ml) and Cr(VI) (200 lg/ml), and hence was selected for further studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which a native bacterial isolate simultaneously tolerant to such a high concentrations of Cr(VI) and PCP has been reported. The culture growth was best at 0.4% (w/v) glucose as an additional carbon source and 0.2% (w/v) ammonium chloride as a nitrogen source. The growth results with cow urine as a nitrogen source were comparable with the best nitrogen source ammonium chloride. The isolate exhibited resistance to multiple heavy metals (Pb, As, Hg, Zn, Co & Ni) and to antibiotics nalidixic acid and polymixin-B. The efficacy of bacterial isolate for growth, PCP degradation (56.5%) and Cr(VI) bioremediation (74.5%) was best at 48 h incubation. The isolate was identified as Bacillus sp. by morphological and biochemical tests. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed 98% homology with Bacillus cereus. However, further molecular analysis is underway to ascertain its likelyhood of a novel species.

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“…More rapid declines in legacy P stocks may be achieved by excluding stock. Stock recycle 80-90% of the consumed P back to pastures (Hutton et al 1967), while removing a 10 tonne hay crop from the farm and catchment would reduce legacy P stocks by 25-30 kg P ha −1 year −1 through phytomining (McDowell et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic soil tests can be used to estimate dissolved reactive phosphorus loss

Weaver¹,

Summers²,

Neuhaus³

2023

Soil Res.

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Context Phosphorus (P) use in agriculture can lead to eutrophication. Agronomic soil tests such as Colwell P and P buffering index (PBI) define critical soil P levels for pasture production. These tests have potential for re-use as environmental risk indicators of dissolved reactive P (DRP) loss from paddocks but are constrained because a 0–10 cm sample does not necessarily align with the dominant hydrological loss pathways of runoff or leaching. Aims To identify influences on the benchmark environmental measure of DRP (CaCl2-extractable P or CaCl2-P) by agronomic-based measures such as PBI, Colwell P and depth, and Colwell P to PBI ratio (P environmental risk index; PERI). To estimate CaCl2-P at any depth from a 0–10 cm sample, and the potential for change in DRP loss risk through the adoption of evidence-based fertiliser management based on soil testing. Methods Archives of 692 0–10-cm soil samples, along with 88 sites sampled at 0–10 cm and 0–1, 1–2, 2–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm were analysed for Colwell P, PBI, CaCl2-P, PERI, and P fertility index (PFI). Derived relationships between CaCl2-P and Colwell P for different PBI were applied to 30 981 0–10-cm samples to estimate the potential for DRP reduction resulting from the adoption of evidence-based fertiliser management. Key results CaCl2-P, Colwell P, PERI, and PFI decreased with depth, with an associated increase in DRP loss risk from surface soil. The CaCl2-P decreased with increasing PBI. The CaCl2-P, Colwell P, PERI, and PFI could be estimated at any depth from a 0–10 cm sample, with r2 > 0.77. The CaCl2-P was estimable from PERI, and soils with low PBI or with high PFI had high DRP loss risk. The CaCl2-P was positively correlated with Colwell P, with the slope decreasing with increasing PBI and becoming invariant when PBI > 100. When applied to the current soil Colwell P and estimated current CaCl2-P and compared to CaCl2-P at the critical Colwell P for different relative yields (RYs), DRP loss risk could be reduced by 24% for a RY target of 95%, and 59% for a RY target of 80%. Conclusions Because current Colwell P levels in soils exceed critical values, DRP loss risk can be substantially reduced by adopting evidence-based fertiliser management with little or no loss of utilised pasture. Implications Fertiliser management based on evidence of P requirements determined from soil testing has a significant role in reducing DRP loss risk.

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Studies of the nutritive value of New Zealand dairy pastures

Cited by 40 publications

References 14 publications

Milk production from grazed temperate grassland

Milk production from grazed temperate grassland

Isolation and Growth Characteristics of Chromium(VI) and Pentachlorophenol Tolerant Bacterial Isolate from Treated Tannery Effluent for its Possible Use in Simultaneous Bioremediation

Agronomic soil tests can be used to estimate dissolved reactive phosphorus loss

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