Studies on Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthesis of Germinated Brown Rice Soaked in Mycelial Culture Broth of Phellinus linteus

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Cytotoxicity of Ethanol Extracts from Rhynchosia nulubilis Cultivated with Ganoderma lucidum Mycelium

“…This finding is consistent with the findings of Shon (22), who reported that the reducing power of the magnolia extract fermented with mushroom mycelium increased during the fermentation process. In addition, the study using Acanthopanax senticosus fermented with mushroom mycelium reported that extract of Acanthopanax senticosus fermented with Ganoderma lucidum mycelium had superior reducing power compared to the extract fermented with other mushroom mycelium (18). This shows that the reducing power of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium culture could increase during the fermentation process.…”

“…RNGM decreased 39% of the produced NO at the concentration of 400 μg/mL compared to the LPS-treated macrophage cells. Jung et al (18) reported that the extracts from germinated brown rice cultured in Phellinus linteus mycelium culture fluid showed higher inhibitory effects on NO production than that of brown rice or germinated brown rice. This is in agreement with the findings of the present study, suggesting that inhibitory activity of NO production may be increased by active ingredients produced in the process of cultivation of mycelium.…”

“…This is in agreement with the findings of the present study, suggesting that inhibitory activity of NO production may be increased by active ingredients produced in the process of cultivation of mycelium. Macrophages are important for natural immune responses since they explore, decompose, and eliminate foreign substances from outside of the body, and they also recognize antigens from outside and make antibodies against antigens (18). L-arginine is changed to NO and citrulline by NO synthase, which consists of constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS).…”

“…The MTT assay was used to assess whether the sample is cytotoxic to RAW264.7 cell lines (17). The nitrite concentration in the medium was measured by the Griess reagent and used as an indicator of NO synthesis in the cells (18). The RAW264.7 cell line was cultured, and 100 μL of 1×10 5 cells/mL solution was added to each of the 96-well plates to measure NO and incubated for 24 h. Then, 20 μL of sample with different concentrations and 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were added to each well and incubated for 24 h under 5% CO 2 at 37°C.…”

Effect of Feeding with High γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Containing Giant Embryo Black Sticky Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Alcohol Intake in C57BL/6 Mice

“…한편 중추신경계의 주된 억제성 신경전달물질인 GABA는 동물과 식물 등에 자연적으로 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있으며 [3,4,11], 자연상태의 식물에 있어서는 차, 맥아, 뽕잎과 생약 의 황기 및 쌀의 배아 등에서 검출되어지고 있다 [7,12,14] (Fig. 1), 또한 체중의 일변화에 대해서 repeated measure ANOVA를 실시하였을 때에도 유의한 교차가 없었다(df=16, F=1.675, p=0.108) (Fig.…”