Studies on Background PFC Emission in Hall‐Héroult Reduction Cells Using Online Anode Current Signals

Jassim, Ali; Akhmetov, Sergey; Welch, B. J.; Skyllas‐Kazacos, Maria; Bao, Jie; Yao, Yuchen

doi:10.1002/9781119093435.ch91

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In agreement with the theoretical assumptions, a low alumina concentration was found to be one of the most important elements that can lead to LVAE. [8,9,11,[13][14][15][16][17] However, most of these studies also demonstrated that the current density and the anodic overvoltage were strongly related to LVAE as well [8,9,11,13,15,16] due to the interdependence of all these elements. Coherently with these results, the onset of LVAE often appears a short while after an anode change [8,9,12,16,17] which indicates that the perturbation of the current distribution plays an important role in this phenomenon.…”

Section: ½6mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the resistivity of the bath is determined by Eq. [16], originally presented by Wang et al, [33] where (r) (S/cm) is the electrical resistivity of the bath, BR (-) is the bath ratio of the electrolyte, (T) (K) is the absolute bath temperature, and ( Secondly, the minimum value of the (F) factor (under saturated bath) was determined to be 1.1212 according to Grjotheim et al [34] Further increase in this ratio was defined empirically based on an experimental study in Alouette's smelter. The measurements carried out to develop the empirical model are illustrated in Figure 8.…”

Section: Resistance Across the Electrolytic Bathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulator of Non-homogenous Alumina and Current Distribution in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell to Predict Low-Voltage Anode Effects

Dion

Kiss

Poncsák

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans B

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Perfluorocarbons are important contributors to aluminum production greenhouse gas inventories. Tetrafluoromethane and hexafluoroethane are produced in the electrolysis process when a harmful event called anode effect occurs in the cell. This incident is strongly related to the lack of alumina and the current distribution in the cell and can be classified into two categories: high-voltage and low-voltage anode effects. The latter is hard to detect during the normal electrolysis process and, therefore, new tools are necessary to predict this event and minimize its occurrence. This paper discusses a new approach to model the alumina distribution behavior in an electrolysis cell by dividing the electrolytic bath into non-homogenous concentration zones using discrete elements. The different mechanisms related to the alumina distribution are discussed in detail. Moreover, with a detailed electrical model, it is possible to calculate the current distribution among the different anodic assemblies. With this information, the model can evaluate if low-voltage emissions are likely to be present under the simulated conditions. Using the simulator will help the understanding of the role of the alumina distribution which, in turn, will improve the cell energy consumption and stability while reducing the occurrence of high-and low-voltage anode effects.

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Section: ½6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resistance Across the Electrolytic Bathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulator of Non-homogenous Alumina and Current Distribution in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell to Predict Low-Voltage Anode Effects

Dion

Kiss

Poncsák

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans B

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show abstract

Detection of Local Cell Conditions Based On Individual Anodecurrent Measurements

et al. 2016

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The application of individual anode current measurements in the Hall-Hé roult cells has been investigated to aid cell monitoring, in addition to the conventional use of cell voltage measurements. Its advantages are significant, especially in high amperage cells, where information from the voltage signal is heavily diluted. One common use of individual anode current measurements is to identify process faults that can cause a significant change in the local current flow paths between anode busbar and the metal pad. While this detection is simple and direct, there are other consequential changes in cell conditions that impact the current distribution in the vicinity of a problem anode. This paper presents a Moving Window Kernel PCA-based method to extract spatial information from the individual anode current signals by incorporating other known process variables.

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Studies on Anode Pre‐Heating Using Individual Anode Signals in HallhéRoult Reduction Cells

Jassim¹,

Akhmetov²,

Welch³

et al. 2016

Light Metals 2016

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Studies on Background PFC Emission in Hall‐Héroult Reduction Cells Using Online Anode Current Signals

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Simulator of Non-homogenous Alumina and Current Distribution in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell to Predict Low-Voltage Anode Effects

Simulator of Non-homogenous Alumina and Current Distribution in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell to Predict Low-Voltage Anode Effects

Detection of Local Cell Conditions Based On Individual Anodecurrent Measurements

Studies on Anode Pre‐Heating Using Individual Anode Signals in HallhéRoult Reduction Cells

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