Studies on Basidiobolus species from India with discussion on some of the characters used in the speciation of the genus

Srinivasan, M. C.; Thirumalachar, M. J.

doi:10.1007/bf02049791

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For instance, most of the isolates recovered from the intestinal contents of frogs and lizards by Thirumalachar (1965, 1967) had smooth-walled zygospores and they were capable of growing at 37" C as well as 24-28" C. All the present isolates also showed the same characteristic. The measurement of the size of zygospores of the present isolates closely agrees with that described for B. haptosporus by Srinivasan and Thirumalachar (1967).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Mycotic Flora of the Intestine and other Internal Organs of Certain Reptiles and Amphibians with Special Reference to Characterization of Basidiobolus Isolates: Die Pilzflora des Darmes und anderer innerer Organe von bestimmten Reptilien und Amphibien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Charakterisierung von Basidiobolus‐Isolaten

Gugnani

Okafor

1980

Mycoses

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Summary: The occurrence of pathogenic fungi was investigated in intestines, lungs, livers and spleens of 200 lizards (Agama agama), 50 wall geckos (Hemiolactylus sp.), 20 toads (Bufo bufo) and 10 turtles (Chelonia mydas). The most important pathogenic fungus isolated was Basidiobolus haptosporus. It was recovered from intestinal contents of 125 (62.5%) lizards, 5 (10%) geckos, and a toad. Other important fungi isolated included 2 isolates of Allescheria boydii from lungs, 10 of Aspergillus fumigatus from lungs and intestines, and 5 of Geotrichum candidum from intestines of lizards. The yeast‐like fungi were represented by 6 isolates of Candida parapsilosis from intestines of a turtle and 2 toads, lungs of 2 lizards and from the lungs and liver of a toad, 3 of Candida sp. and 2 of Trichosporon sp. from intestines of lizards, and 1 of Pichia burtoni from the lungs of a lizard. The liver of the toad yielding C. parapsilosis showed abscess like pustules on its surface; direct microscopic examination of a pustule in 10% KOH showed budding yeast cells but histology did not reveal any invasion of the tissue by the fungus. None of the other animals yielding fungal cultures revealed any gross or microscopic evidence of fungal infection of the organs. The significance of the findings has been discussed. Zusammenfassung: Bei 200 Eidechsen (Agama agama), 50 Mauergeckos (Hemiolactylus sp.), 20 Kröten (Bufo bufo) und 10 Schildkröten (Chelonia mydas) wurde das Vorkommen von Pilzen im Darm, in der Lunge, in der Leber und in der Milz untersucht. Als wichtigster pathogener Pilz wurde Basidiobolus haptosporus gefunden. Er wurde aus dem Darminhalt von 125 (62,5%) Eidechsen, 5 (10%) Geckos und bei einer Kröte gefunden. Andere wichtige Pilze, die gefunden wurden, waren 2 Isolate von Allescheria boydii aus der Lunge, 10 Stämme von Aspergillus fumigatus aus Lunge und Darm sowie 5 Stämme von Geotrichum candidum aus dem Darm von Eidechsen. Als hefeartige Pilze wurden 6 Isolate von Candida parapsilosis aus dem Darm einer Schildkröte und von 2 Kröten, aus der Lunge von 2 Eidechsen und aus der Lunge und Leber von einer Kröte gefunden. Ferner wurde 3 × Candida spezies und 2 × Trichosporon spezies aus dem Darm von Eidechsen sowie 1 × Pichia burtoni aus der Lunge einer Eidechse isoliert. Die Leber einer Kröte aus der Candida parapsilosis isoliert worden war, zeigte abszessartige Pusteln an der Oberfläche. Die direkte mikroskopische Untersuchung der Pusteln mit 10% KOH ließ Sproßzellen erkennen. In der Histologie fand sich jedoch keinerlei invasives Wachstum des Pilzes im Gewebe. Bei keinem der anderen Tiere, von denen Pilze isoliert worden waren, zeigten sich makroskopische oder mikroskopische Anzeichen einer mykotischen Infektion der Organe. Die Bedeutung der Befunde wird diskutiert.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Mycotic Flora of the Intestine and other Internal Organs of Certain Reptiles and Amphibians with Special Reference to Characterization of Basidiobolus Isolates: Die Pilzflora des Darmes und anderer innerer Organe von bestimmten Reptilien und Amphibien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Charakterisierung von Basidiobolus‐Isolaten

Gugnani

Okafor

1980

Mycoses

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“…Since Eidam reported for the first time Basidiobolus ranarum , species of this fungal genus were reported on almost all continents and detected in various animals such as amphibians, reptiles, bats, kangaroos and even humans as well as in plant detritus and soil . Although Eidam observed large amounts of Basidiobolus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1886, Eidam described for the first time the fungal genus Basidiobolus , which he isolated from frog excrements . Since then, the presence of this genus was repeatedly reported for intestinal contents or faeces of various mainly ectothermic animals such as amphibians and reptiles as well as some fish and mammals . Additionally, Basidiobolus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…None of the swab samples taken from surfaces was positive for the presence of Basidiobolus species. animals such as amphibians, reptiles, bats, kangaroos and even humans as well as in plant detritus and soil [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Although Eidam observed large amounts of Basidiobolus spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, as the symptoms of GIB are quite unspecific, the diagnosis is considered difficult, and therefore, a Basidiobolus infection might be misinterpreted and/or remain undetected [23][24][25]30,31. Studies comparing saprophytic and pathogenic (human) isolates of Basidiobolus highlighted that identification and differentiation at species level is not reliable using only morphological and physiological characteristics, as these characteristics can vary within a species and even within an isolate 3,14,50. Only B. microsporus can be distinguished by its unique exogenous microspores, given that these are formed in culture and can be detected.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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First‐time isolation and quantification of Basidiobolus spp. from reptile faeces in KwaZulu‐Natal (South Africa) using selective media

Claußen

Schmidt

2018

Mycoses

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Summary Members of the genus Basidiobolus are potentially pathogenic fungi, known to cause mycoses in tropical and subtropical countries. Basidiobolus spp. can be associated with animals, and reptiles and amphibians are candidate vectors for the distribution of this fungus. The presence of Basidiobolus spp. was described for different reptiles in several African countries, although not for South Africa. In addition, quantitative data are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse faeces of selected South African reptiles for the presence and quantity of “viable Basidiobolus units.” Faecal samples of gecko and agama lizards were collected and analysed using spread plating, with confirmation by PCR. The addition of dichloran and benomyl to standard fungal media improved the selectivity and allowed quantification of Basidiobolus spp. in reptile faeces. The amount of Basidiobolus spp. varied between 300 and 1.4 × 106 CFU per gram of pooled gecko faeces, which mostly corresponds to >1000 CFU per outside dropping and <100 CFU per inside dropping. About 60% of analysed agama faeces carried Basidiobolus spp., ranging from 150 to 1.2 × 105 CFU per dropping. Our results show for the first time that faeces of South African reptiles frequently carry Basidiobolus spp., confirming that they can contribute to the distribution of this fungus.

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Subcutaneous Zygomycosis

Ellis¹

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Studies on Basidiobolus species from India with discussion on some of the characters used in the speciation of the genus

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

First‐time isolation and quantification of Basidiobolus spp. from reptile faeces in KwaZulu‐Natal (South Africa) using selective media

Subcutaneous Zygomycosis

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