Studies on biodegradability of bio-based lubricants

Luna, F. Murilo T.; Cavalcante, Jefferson; Silva, F. Ordelei N.; Cavalcante, Candice Torres de Melo Bezerra

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2015.07.007

Cited by 62 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Otherwise, various research studies focused on polar oils have used ionic liquids as additive with the aim of overcoming the solubility problem [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. However, the significant amounts of lubricant released into the environment, affecting flora, fauna and, by extension, human life, make it necessary to conduct biodegradability and toxicity studies in order to verify that these recently developed products are environmentally friendly [69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental properties of phosphonium, imidazolium and ammonium cation-based ionic liquids as potential lubricant additives

Oulego

Blanco

Ramos

et al. 2018

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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This research compares the environmental properties (bacterial toxicity and biodegradability) of 12 ionic liquids-ILs-(7 phosphonium, 2 imidazolium and 3 ammonium cation-based ones), potentially applicable as lubricant additive, with two types of the traditional lubricant additive ZDDP. Aquatic toxicity was determined by means of Vibrio fischeri and Escherichia coli bacteria, while biodegradability was evaluated through biological oxygen demand (BOD 5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. Regarding toxicity results, [P 4442 ][DEP] was the least toxic IL (acute 3 according to GHS) for both bacteria, whereas ZDDP fell into the acute 1 category (very toxic). All samples tested turned out to be poorly biodegradable, showing BOD 5 /COD values below 0.1. Two ILs showed better combined tribological and environmental properties than ZDDP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental properties of phosphonium, imidazolium and ammonium cation-based ionic liquids as potential lubricant additives

Oulego

Blanco

Ramos

et al. 2018

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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“…The biodegradability of the lubricants was tested with the method ASTM D5864 Biodegradation Testing for Ready and Ultimate Biodegradation of Fuel, Lubricants and Oil [13,14]. For all lubricants the biodegradability was not less than 80%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Lubricant for Railway Transport

Boiko

Lebedinsky

2017

Transport Problems

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Summary. Boron-containing lubricant for rail-curve lubrication is developed. Its effectiveness was proved by series of experiments carried out on different types of friction machines. The mechanism of antiscoring effect of boron-containing additives was analyzed in terms of physical adsorption. БИОРАЗЛАГАЕМЫЙ СМАЗОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ДЛЯ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОГО ТРАНСПОРТААннотация. Разработан смазочный материал для контакта колесо-рельс, содержащий борную присадку. Его эффективность была подтверждена серией опытов на различных типах машин трения. Механизм противозадирного действия борной присадки был проанализирован с позиции физической адсорбции.

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“…Most of the conventional petroleum‐based lubricants that are widely use in our daily activities are sourced from depleting petroleum, which are known to have poor biodegradation and therefore hazardous to the environment. [ 1,2 ] In view of the detrimental properties of petroleum‐based lubricants, scientists have been working on plant oil‐based biolubricants as substitute for petroleum‐based lubricants due to their inherent readily biodegradable nature and low impact to the environment. [ 3,4 ] Furthermore, they have better lubrication performance, lower volatility, higher flash point, higher viscosity indices, better anti‐corrosion properties in comparison to petroleum‐based lubricants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Estolide Ester and Amide from Acetylated Polyhydroxy Estolide for Lubricant Base Oil

Hoong

Arniza

Mariam

et al. 2020

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Plant oil-based lubricants are used as alternative for mainstream petroleum-based lubricants mainly because they are known to be environmentally friendly. However, their market acceptance is limited by their high pour point and poor oxidation stability. This study presents an approach to make biodegradable lubricant from oleic acid that shows low pour point and satisfactory oxidation stability. A mixture of estolides with acetyl and hydroxy functionalities is prepared from reaction between oleic acid, acetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Subsequently, the hydroxy groups of estolide are end-capped with lauric acid to improve oxidation stability. Further reaction with alcohol and amine yielded estolide ester and amide, respectively. Physicochemical properties evaluation of prepared estolide ester and amide reveal that they have properties comparable to commercial samples in terms of pour point, oxidation stability, viscosity index, and antiwear. Furthermore, both estolide ester and amide are found to be readily biodegradable, which support their use as environmental friendly lubricant. Therefore, the inferior properties of plant oil-based lubricants can be resolved by chemical modifications that yield specific estolide ester and amide with excellent properties suitable for lubricants. Practical Applications: The prepared estolide ester and amide have good potential to be used as lubricant base oil for environmentally acceptable lubricants due to their inherent readily biodegradability nature and excellent lubricant properties.

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Studies on biodegradability of bio-based lubricants

Cited by 62 publications

References 23 publications

Environmental properties of phosphonium, imidazolium and ammonium cation-based ionic liquids as potential lubricant additives

Environmental properties of phosphonium, imidazolium and ammonium cation-based ionic liquids as potential lubricant additives

Biodegradable Lubricant for Railway Transport

Synthesis of Estolide Ester and Amide from Acetylated Polyhydroxy Estolide for Lubricant Base Oil

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