Studies on bipolar membranes. Part II — Conversion of sodium acetate to acetic acid and sodium hydroxide

Trivedi, G.S.; Shah, Brijesh; Adhikary, Sajal Kumar; Indusekhar, V.K.; Rangarajan, R.

doi:10.1016/s1381-5148(96)00088-0

Cited by 64 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As shown in Fig. 6, the current efficiency and improving the cell structure [8,16]. The effect of Na 2 SO 4 concentration on the acid concentration is almost the same as that on current efficiency, which supports the former analysis.…”

Section: Current Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Obviously, the experimental I -V curves for the three configurations show the typical behavior given by the coupling of ion transport and electrical field-enhanced water dissociation [14], at small voltage, the current is carried mainly by decreases with time, which conforms to the typical trends. At a given time, the current efficiency decrease with increase in the concentration of sodium citrate, as in the case of 0.1, 0.5, 1 M sodium citrate solutions, thereby restricting the possibility of obtaining high concentration of acid and alkali [8].…”

Section: Current-6oltage Cur6esmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(III), (IV) and (V)). Since, the citric acid is a weak electrolyte (pK 1 = 3.13, pK 1 = 4.76, pK 1 = 6.40), experiencing a considerably reduced Donnan exclusion to mono-membrane, the formed acid is easily lost by diffusion into the neighboring compartment through the membrane to that of the acid stream [8]. So, an increase in sodium citrate concentration will reduce the degree of dissociation of citric acid favoring a diffusion of undissociated acid and thus the current efficiency is decreased.…”

Section: Current-6oltage Cur6esmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an added advantage, the produced acid is usually at a relatively high concentration so that, the subsequent purification via crystallization or other techniques is relatively inexpensive. Several studies have shown that this ED process, involving bipolar membranes (BP), have economic potential for recovering/producing organic/amino acids [2][3][4][5][6] such as lactic acid [7], acetate acid [8] as well as electroacidification of soybean protein [9,10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Citric acid production by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes

Yang

2002

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

144

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Section: Current Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Current-6oltage Cur6esmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current-6oltage Cur6esmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Citric acid production by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes

Yang

2002

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

144

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“…The current efficiency of formic acid production is a function of diffusion of molecular acid through the anion-exchange membrane and the bipolar membrane. Among carboxylic acids, formic acid is less studied than others like acetic or lactic acids [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis for splitting of sodium formate into formic acid and sodium hydroxide: Modelling

Jaime-Ferrer¹,

Couallier²,

Viers³

et al. 2009

Journal of Membrane Science

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The aim of this work is to model the two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis for organic salts acidification. The salt studied is sodium formate which splits into formic acid and sodium hydroxide thanks to water splitting by bipolar membrane. The contamination of sodium hydroxide by formate ion is due to diffusion of molecular formic acid through the bipolar membrane and to leakage of formate ion through the same membrane under the applied current. The cation-exchange membrane does not participate to contamination of sodium hydroxide. But the leakage of hydroxide ion through the cation-exchange membrane is the major factor that influences the current efficiency of electrodialysis. The average current efficiency decreases with time principally because the sodium hydroxide concentration increases. The development of a membrane with limited hydroxide leakage is desirable. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 The aim of this work is to model the two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis for organic salts acidification. The salt studied is sodium formate which splits into formic acid and sodium hydroxide thanks to water splitting by bipolar membrane. The contamination of sodium hydroxide by formate ion is due to diffusion of molecular formic acid through the bipolar membrane and to leakage of formate ion through the same membrane under the applied current. The cation-exchange membrane does not participate to contamination of sodium hydroxide. But the leakage of hydroxide ion through the cation-exchange membrane is the major factor that influences the current efficiency of electrodialysis. The average current efficiency decreases with time principally because the sodium hydroxide concentration increases. The development of a membrane with limited hydroxide leakage is desirable.

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Ion Exchange Membranes

Wang

2013

Encyclopedia of Membrane Science and Technology

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During the past 50 years, ion‐exchange membranes and related processes have attracted multidisciplinary attentions and also found a variety of applications such as water desalination, cleaning production or separation, resources recycling, power generation, and sensitive electrode preparation. The evolvement of an ion‐exchange membrane can achieve the maximal utilization of resources and pollution prevention. Electrodialysis (ED) processes based on ion‐exchange membranes play the same role as “photosynthesizers” in industrial ecosystems and inherently possesses economical and environmental benefits. Therefore, the intention of this article is to give a brief summary of the preparation, characterization, and applications of ion‐exchange membranes. Primary attentions have been given to the preparation of homogenous membranes, hybrid organic–inorganic membranes, bipolar membranes, as well as amphoteric and mosaic membranes. Methodologies used for the characterization of ion‐exchange membranes are summarized subsequently. Finally, the main principles of various ion‐exchange‐membranes‐based processes are described and their advantages and limitations in various applications are also pointed out. Although numerous progresses have been made regarding preparations and applications of ion‐exchange membranes, the industrial applications of ion‐exchange‐membranes‐based processes gradually lack behind the pressure‐driven membranes processes due to the commercial interests. However, the inherent technological advance and environmental benignity of ion‐exchange membranes deserve the collaborative efforts of academia, industry, and government to bring ion‐exchange membranes technologies to perfection.

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Studies on bipolar membranes. Part II — Conversion of sodium acetate to acetic acid and sodium hydroxide

Cited by 64 publications

References 8 publications

Citric acid production by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes

Citric acid production by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes

Two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis for splitting of sodium formate into formic acid and sodium hydroxide: Modelling

Ion Exchange Membranes

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