Studies on Carbonic Acid Compounds and Hydrogen Ion Activities in Blood and Salt Solutions. A Contribution to the Theory of the Equation of Lawrence J. Henderson and K. A. Hasselbach

The effect of carbon dioxide on relative red cell volume

“…Schmidt (1867), Nasse (1878), von Limbeck (1894 and Hamburger (1902) first recorded increases in erythrocyte volume, as measured by the haematocrit or specific gravity changes, in the presence of high C02 tensions. Further work by Joffe & Poulton (1920), Doisy & Eaton (1921), Doisy & Beckmann (1922), Mellanby & Wood (1922), Warburg (1922), Smirk (1928) and Berk (1945), using haematocrit methods, has tended to confirm these results, though the C02 tensions used in some of these investigations have been above the normal physiological level, and in others the cells have been washed and suspended in isotonic sodium chloride. Van Slyke, Wu & McLean (1923), using gravimetric and specific gravity methods to determine water loss from the plasma, and Henderson, Bock, Field & Stoddard (1924), using increase in refractive index as evidence of water loss, showed indirectly that there was an increase in relative cell volume on rise in C02 content and fall in pH of the blood; though as Henderson et at.…”

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“…protein. (2) In a similar experiment the protein content of the dialysed laked blood was 18-37 p.c. On comparing the ultrafiltrate from the dialysed laked blood which had been acted upon by boric acid-mannitol, with the ultrafiltrate from a similar specimen to which no acid had been added, the former showed after correction for dilution, etc., an increase in alkalinity corresponding to *0269 molar base.…”

“…1. (1) 100 (1) after correction for dilution and for the removed protein had an alkalinity value of *0263 molar base, while that of (2) showed a rise in alkalinity up to *0513 molar. The increment in (2), namely, *025 molar, was derived from the colloid base of the whole blood.…”

“…(1) and 33-3 p.c. (2) of the total available colloid base of the Tables VI and VII give the base removed from dialysed laked blood by cacodylic acid and boric acid respectively.…”

Blood Reaction and Blood Gases in Pneumonia

“…2 had a pneumococcus meningitis and died three days later; No. 16 was complicated by nephritis and died the day the observation was made; No. 13 was afebrile at the time of the analyses.…”