Studies on Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Bioactive Molecules From Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Pollens and Seeds

Abstract

Background: Natural resources have been the crucial origin of chemical elements. They have been used in many traditions as alternative medicines. The chemical profiling of some plant extracts and essential oils related to different plants were followed to unveil their most active components. In this paper, Phoenix dactilyfera L was selected as a host plant to investigate the composition of different organs with different cultivars. Materials and method:The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts have been tested using different techniques, including optical density and GC/MS analyses of the natural extracts. Results: GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of abundant oleic (36.69%) and lauric (20.49%) acids in date seeds. However,the pollen contains a high amount of palmitic (22.27 %), linoleic (33.4%) and linolenic (17.055%) acids. Moreover, the largest inhibition zone is obtained with the organic extract of Deglet Nour which showed a strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and pollen extract showed also a strong inhibition against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis. Aqueous extracts of date palm seeds of and pollen seem to have a fongitoxique activity from a concentration of 6 mg.mL -1 and 12mg.mL -1 of cyanidine; as well as the organic extracts of pollen with a concentration of 90 µg.mL -1 induce an inhibition to the growth of five special forms of Fusarium oxysporum. Conclusion:The bioactive compounds of date palm can be used for drug development and in the food industry.

Preliminary Screening for Antibacterial Properties of the Male Flowers of Phoenix dactylifera

“…Interestingly, flavonoids of some medicinal plants have been used for centuries against some human diseases, they revealed different mode of actions against bacterial cells, such as inhibit DNA synthesis and cytoplasmic membrane function [15]. In agreement to our assumption, Bentrad et al [16] have evaluated the antibacterial activity of the pollens (from flowers) of P. dactylifera, the organic fraction that was rich in flavonoids exhibited high antibacterial activity. Moreover, the methanol extract of pollen was reported to contain six types of phenolic compounds that showed active antibacterial effects [17].…”

Evaluation of the level of biomolecules isolated from date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L) and in vitro Antioxidant property

“…Furthermore, cytohistological techniques have already revealed them in seeds teguments of some other date cultivars such as Deglet Nour and Takerbucht [ 24 ]. We have shown that anthocyanidins from date seeds inhibit the proliferation of some endophyte fungi from five special fungi from Fusarium oxysporum spice [ 15 ], which causes significant economic damage to cultivated plants and the environment.…”

“…In our previous work [ 15 ], the determination of the quantitative content of flavonic aglycones was carried out. The TLC of organic extracts (ether phase) provided a good separation of the molecules and an acceptable visibility of the spots under UV (wood light).…”

“…In addition, antioxidant tests were carried out using the bioactive compounds of this fraction (flavonic aglycons). In our previous work, the determination of the chemical content of aglycones was already carried out using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry [ 15 – 16 ].…”

Middle Eastern Plant Extracts: An Alternative to Modern Medicine Problems

“…Other than antimicrobial activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antimalarial bioactivities, plant extracts from the Middle East are known to have anti-cancer and anti-tumor properties, with the added ability to also enhance the immune system and induce apoptosis among carcinoma cells; this will enable the possibility of curing cancers and tumors, without much dependence on chemotherapy agents [49]. The anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities in the plant extract are due to the presence of various groups of compounds, such as alkaloids, diterpenes, diterpenoquinone, purine-based compounds, lactonic sesquiterpene, proteins, and macrolides [106].…”