Background: Natural resources have been the crucial origin of chemical elements. They have been used in many traditions as alternative medicines. The chemical profiling of some plant extracts and essential oils related to different plants were followed to unveil their most active components. In this paper, Phoenix dactilyfera L was selected as a host plant to investigate the composition of different organs with different cultivars. Materials and method:The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts have been tested using different techniques, including optical density and GC/MS analyses of the natural extracts. Results: GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of abundant oleic (36.69%) and lauric (20.49%) acids in date seeds. However,the pollen contains a high amount of palmitic (22.27 %), linoleic (33.4%) and linolenic (17.055%) acids. Moreover, the largest inhibition zone is obtained with the organic extract of Deglet Nour which showed a strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and pollen extract showed also a strong inhibition against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis. Aqueous extracts of date palm seeds of and pollen seem to have a fongitoxique activity from a concentration of 6 mg.mL -1 and 12mg.mL -1 of cyanidine; as well as the organic extracts of pollen with a concentration of 90 µg.mL -1 induce an inhibition to the growth of five special forms of Fusarium oxysporum. Conclusion:The bioactive compounds of date palm can be used for drug development and in the food industry.

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In this study, the dried powder of seeds and pollen of Phoenix dactylifera was extracted using Soxhlet extractor and biochemical composition of lipophilic extracts was analysed by GCMS. Then, we have tested the antibacterial effect of fatty acids and volatile compounds found in these sub-products. The results revealed that the main fatty acids found in Deglet Nour seeds is are oleic acid (42.06%) followed by capric acid (24.16%), Takerbucht seeds extract contains mostly oleic acid (40.59%) and palmitic acid (20.19%), while Bent Kbala seed extract is rich in cis-vaccenic acid (52.09%) followed by capric acid (16.71%). Pollen extract have shown for the first time the richness in 14-methyl palmitic acid (33.31%), linoleic acid (31.16%) and linolenic acid (25.78%). Some of these elements seem to have a significant effect against some pathogenic bacteria.

Date palm fruits and by-products such as seeds are a source of various elements with significant nutritional values like fibres, minerals, essential fatty acids, amino acids and phenolic compounds. The experimental part was carried out on date palm seeds from Bent Kbala cultivar, the chemical composition of the organic fraction was determined using the method of UV-visible spectrophotometer, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The results revealed the presence of catechic tannins and approximately 17 phenolic compounds, including two compounds, which were identified for the first time in the date palm sub-product, especially in seeds such as naringenin and rutine. The assessment of the antioxidant potential shows that date palm seeds have a significant potential compared to standard antioxidants commonly used in cosmetics and neutraceutics industries.

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