Studies on chemical constituents from Ilex pubescens

Abstract

Two new phenolic glycosides, ilexpubsides A and B, along with four known lignan glycosides were isolated from the roots of Ilex pubescens. By spectral evidence, the structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 4-O-beta-D-[6'-O-(4''-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylvanilloyl)glucopyranosyl] vanillic acid (1) and syringinic 6'-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (2). The known compounds were identified to be liriodendrin (3), (-)-olivil (4), tortoside A (5) and (+)-cyclo-olivil (6). All compounds were first isolated from Ilex pubescens.

Ilexpublesnins C–M, Eleven New Triterpene Saponins from the Roots of Ilex pubescens

“…All the solvents were Abstract ! Eleven new triterpene saponins, ilexpublesnins C-M (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), along with ten known analogues were isolated from the roots of Ilex pubescens. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments.…”

“…Additionally, ten known analogues (12-21) (see Supporting Information) were also isolated. By comparing their 1 H and 13 C NMR as well as MS data with reported values, their structures were identified as ilexoside II (12) [22], ilexsaponin B 1 (13) [28], ilexsaponin B 3 (14) [28], ilexoside O (15) [30], ilexsaponin B 4 (16) [31], ilexoside XV (17) [32], ilexsaponin C (18) [33], chikusetusaponin IVa (19) [22], oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranol ester (20) [34], and pubescenoside C (21) [4]. Compounds 1, 2, 10, and 11 are considerably special, as they contain the rare 24-aldehyde group, compared to the common 23-al-…”

“…Its roots are commonly used as Chinese herbal medicine for treatment of cardiovascular disease and hypercholestemia in south China [1]. Previous phytochemical investigation on its roots and leaves led to the isolation of triterpene saponins [2], lignan glycosides [3], phenylethanols [4,5], and other minor compounds [6][7][8]. Pharmacological evaluation proved that Ilex pubescens extracts exhibited a variety of bioactivities, i.e., to enlarge blood vessels, improve microcirculation, ease blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation, prevent thrombosis, and reduce cardiac ischemia, as well as to decrease the excitation of the cardiac conduction system and other effects [9].…”

Triterpenoids with Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity from the Roots of Ilex pubescens

“…(Aquifoliaceae) is an evergreen shrub with a wide distribution in Southern China, and the root, called "Mao Dong Qing", has been a well known folk medicine in China for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, cerebral thrombosis, and hyperlipidemia [1]. Previous research revealed that I. pubescens is rich in triterpenoids, possessing the bioactivities of inhibiting platelet aggregation, preventing thrombosis, enlarging blood vessels, improving microcirculation, reducing cardiac ischemia, and enhancing anoxia resistance [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In addition, other species of Ilex L. are a rich resource of triterpenoids and flavonoids, with similar pharmacological activities as I. pubescens [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Lambertianic Acid Sensitizes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis Via Inhibition of XIAP/NF-kB and Activation of Caspases and Death Receptor 4

“…Among these fractions, a distinct and vivid red-purple spot from fr. 6 was isolated purified and identified as lambertianic acid (LA) with over 98% purity based on spectroscopic analyses such as NMR, MS, and IR [28].…”