Studies on Improving the Immobilized Bead Reusability and Alkaline Protease Production by Isolated Immobilized Bacillus circulans (MTCC 6811) Using Overall Evaluation Criteria

Rao, Ch. Subba; Madhavendra, S. S.; Rao, R. Srinivasa; Hobbs, P. J.; Prakasham, R. S.

doi:10.1007/s12010-008-8147-x

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Exploitation of such microbial metabolism for the desired product formation by regulating the critical fermentation parameters helps in commercialization (Subba Rao et al 2008). Hence, careful kinetic studies are required to monitor the growth of microorganisms and product formation pattern in presence of various substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of rapamycin production by Streptomyces hygroscopicus MTCC 4003

et al. 2013

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Research work was carried out to describe the kinetics of cell growth, substrate consumption and product formation in batch fermentation of rapamycin using shake flask as well as laboratory-scale fermentor. Fructose was used as the sole carbon source in the fermentation media. Optimization of fermentation parameters and reliable mathematical models were used for the maximum production of rapamycin from Streptomyces hygroscopicus MTCC 4003. The experimental data for microbial production of rapamycin fitted well with the proposed mathematical models. Kinetic parameters were evaluated using best fit unstructured models, viz. Andrew’s model, Monod model, Yano model, Aiba model. Andrew’s model showed a comparatively better R2 value (0.9849) among all tested models. The values of maximum specific growth rate (μmax), saturation constant (KS), inhibition constant (Ki), and growth yield coefficient (YX/S) were found to be 0.008 (h−1), 2.835 (g/L), 0.0738 (g/L), and 0.1708 (g g−1), respectively. The optimum production of rapamycin was obtained at 300 rpm agitation and 1 vvm aeration rate in the fermentor. The final production of rapamycin in shake flask was 539 mg/L. Rapamycin titer found in bioreactor was 1,316 mg/L which is 52 % higher than the latest maximum value reported in the literature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of rapamycin production by Streptomyces hygroscopicus MTCC 4003

et al. 2013

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“…This strategy protects the cells from shear forces. Immobilization of protease-producing cells has been performed by different authors (Rao et al 2008 ; Anwar et al 2009 ; Sankaralingam et al 2012 ; Geethanjali and Subash 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although alkaline protease titer obtained with other matrices such as agar, calcium alginate was low, but these natural polymers were also employed for cell immobilization. They employed gel as a carrier material for the immobilization of different enzyme systems which include protease (Rao et al 2008 ), β-galactosidase and penicillin acylase (Ramakrishna and Prakasham 1999 ). It is evident that the alkaline protease production was higher with immobilized cells (4200 µg/ml/min) than that of free cells (3450 µg/ml/min).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 and its alkaline protease in various matrices for effective hydrolysis of casein

et al. 2016

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An extracellular alkaline protease producing B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 was isolated from apple rhizosphere having multifarious plant growth-promoting activities. B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 protease was immobilized using various concentrations of calcium alginate, agar and polyacrylamide to determine the optimum concentration for formation of the beads. Enzyme activity before immobilization (at 60 °C, pH 8.0 for 5 min) was 3580 µg/ml/min. The results of immobilization with various matrices revealed that 3 % calcium alginate (2829.92 µg/ml/min), 2 % agar (2600 µg/ml/min) and 10 % polyacrylamide (5698.99 µg/ml/min) were optimum concentrations for stable bead formation. Immobilized enzyme reusability results indicated that calcium alginate, agar and polyacrylamide beads retained 25.63, 22.05 and 34.04 % activity in their fifth repeated cycle, respectively. In cell immobilization technique, the free movement of microorganisms is restricted in the process, and a semi-continuous system of fermentation can be used. In the present work, this technique has been used for alkaline protease production using different matrices. Polyacrylamide (10 %) was found with the highest total alkaline protease titer, i.e., 24,847 µg/ml/min semi-continuously for 18 days as compared to agar (total enzyme titer: 5800 in 10 days) and calcium alginate (total enzyme titer: 13,010 in 15 days). This present study reported that polyacrylamide (10 %) among different matrices has maximum potential of immobilization of B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 and its detergent stable alkaline protease with effective application in bloodstain removal.

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“…The OEC calculation is shown in Eq. (2) 35,36 ; where y i is the response measurement, y i max is the maximum value for the response, and w i is the weighing of the response. In this study, weighting was done using the principle that the weighting should be higher for the more complex responses that encompass more of the biology of interest.…”

Section: Light Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a Taguchi DOE to investigate factors and interactions affecting germination in Miscanthus sinensis

Awty‐Carroll

Rao

Clifton‐Brown

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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the Miscanthus genus of perennial grasses is grown for bioenergy and biorenewable feedstocks. Most Miscanthus crop is M × giganteus which is rhizome propagated and therefore difficult to multiply at large scale. Seed-based propagation of new hybrids is being developed, but Miscanthus is difficult to establish from seed especially in the field. Miscanthus is often grown on marginal land adding to the challenge of successfully establishing the crop. improved understanding of the limits and biology of germination in Miscanthus species is needed. Seed germination is affected by physical and chemical factors that impact germination differently depending on level of exposure. In this investigation of Miscanthus germination, four hormones plus water stress were investigated and the range over which these factors affect germination was determined. An efficient Taguchi experimental design was used to assess the five factors in combination with the effects of light and seed priming. This determined an example of a set of optimum conditions for Miscanthus germination and demonstrated how this could change based on fixing one condition. The experiment showed how environmental stress impacted germination and how treatments such as gibberellic acid could be used to mitigate stress.Miscanthus is a genus of Poaceae that is being developed for biomass for biorenewable energy and bioproducts, as it is able to produce over 10 t DM ha −1 in a temperate climate 1 . The crop is currently of a single hybrid (M × giganteus Greef et Deu (Aksel Olson) 2 ) and is mostly propagated through inefficient and expensive clonal propagation from rhizomes. An alternative seed-based propagation would be preferred to increase the scale of production of the crop that is needed to deliver sufficient global impact 3,4 . This genotype would be of M. sinensis, M. sacchariflorus or a interspecies hybrid, Miscanthus seeds are harvested from panicles 5 . Successful seed-based establishment is difficult 6 , particularly because it is proposed that Miscanthus can be planted on marginal land to avoid competing with food crops 7-9 . A synthetic population of M. sinensis can be used for studying germination due to the availability of seed 4,6,10 . Marginal land suffers from a range of possible issues including water and salinity stress that will further exacerbate the problems of seed propagation 11 . Thus, a broad understanding of the physical and hormonal interactions on Miscanthus seed germination and early growth is important to improve both seed-based multiplication and to identify novel treatments to increase crop establishment on marginal land.The Taguchi method was first used in manufacturing 12 , and is now a widely adopted method for efficient experimental design 13 . It is designed to test multiple factors together by first defining the range of the factors and then defining the noise 14 . Orthogonal arrays (OA) are used to account for the noise using multi-variant statistical techniques 14 . The tabulated arrays allow a maximum number of effects to be...

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Studies on Improving the Immobilized Bead Reusability and Alkaline Protease Production by Isolated Immobilized Bacillus circulans (MTCC 6811) Using Overall Evaluation Criteria

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Kinetics of rapamycin production by Streptomyces hygroscopicus MTCC 4003

Kinetics of rapamycin production by Streptomyces hygroscopicus MTCC 4003

Immobilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 and its alkaline protease in various matrices for effective hydrolysis of casein

Using a Taguchi DOE to investigate factors and interactions affecting germination in Miscanthus sinensis

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