Studies on Lignin and Related Products. X.¹ Further Studies on the Isolation of Compounds from Lignin Oxidation Mixtures by Chromatographic Techniques^2,3

Alkaline CuO Oxidation with a Microwave Digestion System: Lignin Analyses of Geochemical Samples

“…Lignin is a complex biomacromolecule composed of methoxylated phenol units linked by ether and carbon bonds. , Alkaline CuO oxidation is one technique commonly used to analyze the composition of lignins in complex sample matrixes such as soils and sediments. Upon CuO oxidation, the lignin macromolecule is hydrolyzed, yielding several characteristic methoxylated phenols that are amenable to gas chromatography. − The yields of these CuO reaction products have been extensively used to trace the sources and composition of lignin in plant tissues, soils, sediments, and colloids from a large number of environments. − The use of CuO oxidation in geochemical studies has also grown partially due to the discovery of additional reaction products derived from more condensed lignin structures, as well as from nonlignin sources, including cutin, − proteins, and lipids. , In addition, the recent stable carbon isotope measurements of individual lignin CuO oxidation products , have further increased the applicability of the technique.…”

Cellulose Column Chromatographic Separation of Lignin Oxidation Products

“…Using solvent B, IV appeared in fractions [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and V i l l fractioils [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Then solvent C was used ~vliereupoit VI appeared in fractions 2-5. .~1 cids T o a 25-g colullln a 11iixture of va~lillic acid (VII) (1.1 mg), syri~lgic acid (VIII) (5.1 mg), and p-liydroxybenzoic acid (IX) (2.9 mg) was added.…”

“…rng), and p-hydroxyacetophenone (VI) (4.48 mg) was added. Using solvent B, IV appeared in fractions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and V in . After changing t o solvent D , VI appeared in fractioils [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…This salnple was then charged to a 10-g column. Using solvent B, I appeared in fractions [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and I1 in . After changing to solvent D , I11 appeared in fractions 4-13. illdchydes and Acids (See procedure below.)…”

“…Cellulose colunln chromatography using butanol -2% aqueous ammonia as the developer has been used by Pearl and Beyer (5,29). McCarthy et al effected a separation using anion exchange resins and also electrophoresis.…”