Studies on new antibiotics SF2415. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.

Abstract

A new species of Streptomyces is described for which the name Streptomyces aculeolatus is proposed. The organism produces new antibiotics SF2415A1, A2, A3, Bl, B2 and B3 active against Gram-positive bacteria. Empirical molecular formulae of the antibiotics SF2415A1, A2, A3, Bl, B2 and B3 were determined to be C26H31N2O5C1,C26H30N2O5, C26H3oN205Cl2, C26H33O5C1, C26H32O5 and C26H32O5C12, respectively.In the course of our screening program for newantibiotics, we have isolated a strain of Streptomyces, designated strain SF2415, which produces new antibiotics SF2415.In this paper, we report the taxonomy of the producing organism, fermentation, isolation, physicochemical properties and biological activities of the antibiotics SF2415. The structural elucidation of the antibiotics SF2415 is described in accompanying paper.0 Materials and Methods Taxonomic Studies of Antibiotics Producing StrainThe producing organism, strain SF2415, was isolated from a soil sample collected in Tottori Prefecture, Japan.Methods adopted by the International Streptomyces Project (ISP)2) were used for taxonomic characterization and carbohydrate utilization studies. Cultural characteristics were determined on media recommended by the ISP and Waksman.3) Observations were made after incubation at 28°C for14days.The procedure of Becker et alS* was used for the preparation of cells and chromatographic detection of the isomers of diamino-pimeric acid.Fermentation of Streptomyces aculeolatus A slant culture of strain SF2415 was inoculated into a 100-ml Erlenmeyer flask that contained 20 ml of a seed medium consisting of starch 2%, glucose 1 %, wheat germ 0.6%, Polypeptone 0.5%, yeast extract 0.3 %, soybean meal 0.2% and CaCO3 0.1 % (pH 7). The inoculated flask was cultured on a rotary shaker (220 rpm) at 28°C for 3 days. The first seed culture (4 ml) was inoculated into 80 ml of the same medium in a 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask. After shaking at 28°C for 2 days, the second seed culture was obtained. The second seed (50 ml) was added to a 5-liter Erlenmeyer flask containing 1 liter of the same medium. The third seed culture was shaken at 28°C for 24 hours, and 1 liter of

Hybrid isoprenoid secondary metabolite production in terrestrial and marine actinomycetes

“…The MAR4 clade currently includes 17 strains, 15 of which were isolated from marine sediments. The only non-marine MAR4 strains reported to date are the type strains of S. aculeolatus [38] and S. synnematoformans [39], which were isolated from a soil sample and a sand dune, respectively. The 17 members of the MAR4 clade share as little as 96.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity and thus encompass as much phylogenetic diversity as many bacterial genera.…”

“…The HI secondary metabolites discovered from these strains (S1) include napyradiomycins (3) [40], azamerone (10) [26], an unpublished monoterpene phenazine ether (6), nitropyrrolin (submitted) (7), naphterpin (2), marinone (9) [25], neomarinone (4) [22], and lavanducyanin (8). In addition, the terrestrially derived S. aculeolatus strain produces SF2415 [38], which is structurally similar to napyradiomycin. These compounds are not only structurally diverse but also display antitumor, antibiotic, antioxidant, and other biological activities supporting their value as a resource for pharmaceutical screening.…”

Screening, isolation and purification of antibacterial agents from marine actinomycetes

“…The media were sterilized and poured into sterile petridishes. After solidification of the media, culture of the selected strain was streaked on the media surface by simple method aseptically and incubated at 28C for 7 days (Salle et al, 1948;Shomura et al, 1987). Morphological characters such as colony characteristics, type of aerial hyphae, growth of vegetative hyphae, fragmentation pattern and spore formation were observed.…”

Sponge-associated actinobacterial diversity: validation of the methods of actinobacterial DNA extraction and optimization of 16S rRNA gene amplification

“…It was spiked individually with spores and mycelia of four actinobacterial species belonging to four genera. The actinobacterial strains were provided by the Department of Medical Biotechnology, Flinders University (Kaewkla and Franco 2010;Kaewkla and Franco 2013;Shomura et al 1987;Sveshnikova et al 1969). The spores were harvested from cultures grown on agar media, and the mycelia were harvested from liquid media cultured for 2 weeks.…”