Studies on Recently Isolated Cultures of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Lacey, R. W.; Stokes, Anne

doi:10.1099/00221287-114-2-329

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Of the four methicillin-sensitive isolates, one was positive for the mecA gene by PCR. The other three isolates were included in the study despite being methicillin sensitive because their phage patterns were as expected and loss of the mecA gene upon storage is known to occur (14).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Phage Variants of a Strain of Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-15)

et al. 2001

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EMRSA-15 is one of the most important strains of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA) found in the United Kingdom. It was originally characterized by weak lysis with phage 75 and production of enterotoxin C but not urease. Two variant strains of EMRSA-15 which show a broader phage pattern than the progenitor strain have emerged. A total of 153 recent clinical isolates representing classical EMRSA-15 (55 isolates) or these phage variants (98 isolates) were compared by SmaI macrorestriction profiles in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as well as by urease and enterotoxin C production. Eight of the 98 isolates were shown to be other unrelated strains by both PFGE and their production of urease, a misidentification rate of 8% by phage typing. Seventy-one EMRSA-15 isolates were enterotoxin C negative, and the majority of these were sensitive to phage 81. Examination of PFGE profiles and Southern blotting studies suggest that the enterotoxin C gene locus is encoded on a potentially mobile DNA segment of ca. 15 kb. After elimination of the eight non-EMRSA-15 isolates, the remaining 145 were characterized by PFGE, yielding 22 profiles. All profiles were within five band differences of at least one other profile. Classical EMRSA-15 isolates showed nine PFGE profiles, with the majority of isolates (68%) in profile B1. Six of these nine PFGE profiles were unique to the classical EMRSA-15 isolates. Among the phage variants of EMRSA-15, 16 profiles were seen, but the majority of isolates (83%) fell into 1 of 4 profiles (B2, B3, B4, and B7) which correlated well with phage patterns. The most divergent PFGE profiles among the EMRSA-15 isolates had as many as 12 band differences from one another, suggesting that in examining isolates belonging to such a temporally and geographically disseminated epidemic strain, the range of PFGE profiles must be regarded as a continuum and analyzed by relating the profiles back to the most common or progenitor profile.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Phage Variants of a Strain of Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-15)

et al. 2001

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“…Culture media, mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine, and bacteriophage typing have been described previously (Lacey and Stokes, 1979).…”

Section: Saphrophyticus (2) S Cohnni (2) and Unclassifiable (20)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of staphylococci to fatty acids: novel inactivation of linolenic acid by serum

Lacey

Lord

1981

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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SUMMARY.The inhibition of coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus of human or animal origin by most free fatty acids was similar, but coagulase-positive staphylococci were sensitive and coagulase-negative cultures were resistant to linolenic acid. Animal strains of S. aureus were more sensitive to linolenic acid than were human strains. These differences were reflected in the relative abilities of the three categories of strains to survive on human skin.The antibacterial effects of 20 mg of linolenic acid were inactivated by 1 ml of serum in vitro. A test organism seeded on to skin also survived better if first suspended in serum. The mechanism of the interaction between serum and linolenic acid may be due to a detergent effect of the serum and could account for colonisation of diseased skin with S. aureus.Cultures of S. aureus seeded on to human skin were rapidly killed after the skin has been covered with linolenic acid. The possibility of therapeutic use of linolenic acid as an antibacterial agent should be explored.

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“…Molecular analysis of plasmid DNA isolated from strains of S. aureus isolated in Melbourne has identified separate plasmids encoding resistance to chloramphenicol and to the aminoglycosides, gentamicin, tobramycin and kanamycin (Lyon et al, 1982;Lyon, May and Skurray, 1983). However, the remainder of antibiotic-resistance determinants-including those for resistance to penicillin (mediated by penicillinase), erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, kanamycin and neomycin-which have often been reported to be plasmid-encoded in strains isolated elsewhere (Lacey, 1979, were found to be chromosomally mediated in the Melbourne isolates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic susceptibilities and plasmid profiles of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A retrospective study

Gillespie

May

Skurray

1984

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Studies on Recently Isolated Cultures of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Identification and Characterization of Phage Variants of a Strain of Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-15)

Identification and Characterization of Phage Variants of a Strain of Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-15)

Sensitivity of staphylococci to fatty acids: novel inactivation of linolenic acid by serum

Antibiotic susceptibilities and plasmid profiles of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A retrospective study

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