Studies on Seasonal Abundance of Woolly Apple Aphid and Its Natural Enemies in the Mid Hills of Himachal Pradesh

Biology of Pieris Brassicae (Linn.) on Different Brassica Species in the Plains of Punjab

“…It was minimum on B. rapa (4.20±0.13 days) and B. carinata (2.94±0.03 days) during the F1, and F2 generations. Our study confirms the findings of Sood and Bhalla (1996) who reported 2.2-4.9 days, Chandel et al (1998) 4.82-6.87 days, Gupta (1984) 2.5-3.5 days, and Thapa (1987) 2.5-3.5 days. Fourth Instar Development of the fourth instar was significantly maximum (Table 1-3) on B. rapa (3.80±0.20; 4.33±0.25 and 3.54±0.14 days) while minimum on B. carinata (3.58±0.18; 3.47±0.19 and 2.34±0.10 days) during the P, F1, and F2 generations, respectively.…”

“…Fourth Instar Development of the fourth instar was significantly maximum (Table 1-3) on B. rapa (3.80±0.20; 4.33±0.25 and 3.54±0.14 days) while minimum on B. carinata (3.58±0.18; 3.47±0.19 and 2.34±0.10 days) during the P, F1, and F2 generations, respectively. The study was in agreement with Sood and Bhalla (1996) who reported 2.9-5.9 days, Gupta (1984) 3.5-5 days, andThapa (1987) 2-3 days, but differed from Chandel et al (1998) who reported 5.82-10.13 days.…”

“…The growth period of the 1st larval instar (Tables 1-3) was significantly maximum on B. juncea (4.22±0.11; 6.87±0.27 and 6.03±0.27 days) while minimum on B. carinata (3.62±0.06; 6.42±0.12 and 4.63±0.09 days) during the P, F1, and F2 generations. Similar results were reported as 3-6 days (Sood and Bhalla 1996), 9-12 days (Chandel et al 1998), 3-4 days (Gupta 1984), and 2-3 days (Thapa 1987).…”

“…During the F1, and F2 generations (Table 2, 3), the second instar growth period was significantly maximum on B. napus (4.33±0.18 and 3.07±0.63 days) while minimum on B. carinata (4.04±0.12 and 2.06±0.04 days), respectively. Our study was inagreement with the reports of Sood and Bhalla (1996) for 2.3-4.7 days, Chandel et al (1998) 4.7-6.87 days, Gupta (1984) 2.5-3.5 days, and Thapa (1987) 2-3 days of the second instar period.…”

“…Gupta (1984) and Thakur et al (1998) reported the similar results of 18 days and 22.66 days for the incubation period, respectively. On the other hand, Sood and Bhalla (1996), Chandel et al (1998) and Thapa (1987) reported 7 days, 4.75-11.90 days, and 3.1 days, respectively. Their results were probably due to different hosts and prevailing environmental conditions.…”