Studies on the adsorption of dyes, Methylene blue, Safranin T, and Malachite green onto Polystyrene foam

“Functional upcycling” of polymer waste towards the design of new materials

“…As the adsorption capacity for dyes is significantly high (1000–2300 mg g −1 ), 45,363 it generally outperforms the hyperbranched polymers 387 and three-dimensional graphene-based macrostructures. 388,389 The adsorption capacity of PS grafted with hydrazone for phenol is 178 mg g −1 (Table 5(3)), 364 which is comparable or even superior to that of previously published ion-exchange resins (92 mg g −1 ) 390 or molecular-imprinted polymers (86 mg g −1 ).…”

“…615 However, all upcycled, commercial-based, and natural-based adsorbents are highly dependable on the pH of working solutions. The common POPs, dyes, and drugs can be removed using upcycled PS 45 and rubber 516 in a wide pH range. In comparison, cross-linked HPF membranes from PS and PVP, 384 activated carbon (Darco® G-60), activated biochar 616 or sulfonated coal fly 385 displayed lower adsorption capacity and a narrow working pH range.…”

“…In the case of surface treatment, waste can be used with minimal pre-treatment, 47,52 manually machined to centimetre-scale pieces, 53,54 extruded to produce granulates or powder, 43,55 or shaped into fibers by electrospinning. 56 Alternatively, plastic waste is dissolved/treated with reagents for functionalisation, 57–59 relevant organic solvents, or their mixtures such as dichloromethane, 45,59 chloroform, xylene/toluene 51,60 with the addition of ethyl acetate and hexane. 61…”

Bifunctional Self-Penetrating Co(II)-Based 3D MOF for High-Performance Environmental and Energy Storage Applications

“…To date, numerous MOFs have been studied that exhibit preferential adsorption for the effective removal of organic dyes from wastewater, depending on the type of the compound. The fact that anionic compounds preferentially adsorb cationic dyes and vice versa is well known . The chemical structures of the dyes used in this work are shown in Figure .…”

Waste PET upcycling to conductive carbon-based composite through laser-assisted carbonization of UiO-66

“…The main strategy of functional upcycling is the transformation of the outer polymer layer with conservation of the bulk polymer substrates. 7,8 PET is hydrolysed relatively easily by the formation of free carboxylic groups, which are excellent anchor moieties. These carboxylic groups are involved in the surface-assisted growth of metal-organic framework (MOF) layers on the surface of hydrolysed PET.…”